PHYSICAL 
TRAINING 
MANUAL 


BY 


CARL  ZIEGLER,  M.  D. 


Koessler  Bros.,  Printers 


and  Publishers,  Cincinnati. 


LIBRARY 

OF    THE 

UNIVERSITY  OF  CALIFORNIA. 
, 

Oats 


Physical  -  Training 
Manual 


For  use  in  Public  Schools,  Normal 
Schools  and  Gymnasia 


BY  CARL  ZIEGLER,  M.  D., 

Superintendent  of   Physical  Training  and   Hygiene  in  the 
Cincinnati  Public  Schools. 


CINCINNATI  : 

ROKSSI-KK  BROTHERS.  PRINTKRS, 
1904. 


? 

^lAHIS  Manual  is  an  exact  copy  of  that  used  in 
the  Cincinnati  Public  Schools,  printed  from 
the  same  plates,  at  the  author's  expense,  to  meet 
the  frequent  requests  for  copies  from  persons  not 
connected  with  the  schools. 


I 


INTRODUCTION. 


This  manual  is  intended  as  a  guide  for  teachers  to  enable  them  to  give 
the  gymnastic  lessons  in  such  a  manner,  that  the  greatest  good  to  the 
pupils  may  result  therefrom. 

/  The  present  manual  is  the  result  of  a  careful  study  of  the  needs  and 
abilities  of  the  pupils,  and  of  the  conditions  under  which  the  work  is 
to  be  done,  and  is  based  on  twelve  years'  experience  in  the  public  schools 
of  this  city. 

In  order  that  the  greatest  possible  good  may  accrue  to  the  pupils  the 
teachers  must  study  carefully  the  "Instructions  to  Teachers,"  the  descrip- 
tion of  the  exercises  and  the  commands,  as  well  as  the  lessons  which  are 
to  be  given. 

The}'  must  observe  closely  the  work  of  the  special  teachers  and  study 
the  best  methods  of  giving  gymnastic  lessons,  using  the  limited  time 
allowed  this  subject,  to  the  best  possible  advantage.  In  order  to  accomplish 
this  the  teacher  must  learn  the  lessons,  so  as  to  be  able  to  give  them 
without  continual  reference  to  the  book. 

Furthermore,  the  teacher  should  have  a  regular  time  in  the  daily  pro- 
gram for  the  gymnastic  lesson,  and  adhere  to  the  program  as  closely  as 
possible,  giving  at  this  time  th  :  complete  lesson  as  prepared. 

Should  the  teacher  find,  however,  that  the  pupils  become  listless  or  in- 
attentive during  the  day,  she  will  find  it  of  great  value  to  give  them  a  few 
vigorous  exercises. 

The  conditions  under  which  the  work  is  conducted,  in  the  class  room, 
are  obviously  not  the  most  favorable ;  for  this  reason  the  success  or  failure 
will  depend  largely  upon  the  attitude  of  the  class  teacher  toward  this  sub- 
ject. The  fidelity  and  faithful  cooneration  of  the  teachers  and  those  in 
charge  of  the  schools  will  determine  largely  the  results  attained. 

The  manual  contains  twenty  lessons  for  each  grade,  each  lesson  being 
intended  for  two  weeks.  Teachers,  however,  may  review  previous  lessons 
at  their  discretion,  but  should  always  leave  the  new  lesson  for  the  special 
teacher,  unless  otherwise  instructed. 

The  lessons  are  progressive  and  the  degree  of  perfection  attained  in 
the  execution  of  one  lesson  will  determine  the  ease  or  difficulty  with  which 
the  new  lesson  may  be  mastered. 

The  formal  work  of  the  first  four  grades  consists  of  "Calisthenics;" 
that  of  the  fifth  grade  of  "Calisthenics"  and  "Dumbbell  Exercises ;"  and  in 
the  sixth,  seventh  and  eighth  grades  "Wands"  are  added  to  the  other  forms 
of  exercise. 

Several  "Games  for  the  School  Room"  are  added  for  the  first  and 
second  grades,  which  are  to  be  used  at  the  discretion  of  the  teachers. 

Several  "Games  for  the  Playground,"  suitable  for  all  grades,  are  also 
given,  and  it  is  hoped  that  the  teachers  will  find  the  time  and  opportunity 
to  teach  these  to  their  pupils.  In  the  spring  and  autumn  the  "Gymnastic 
Period"  may  occasionally  be  taken  for  this  purpose.  The  recess  will  offer 
an  excellent  opportunity  for  the  teaching  of  these  games. 

That  the  manual  may  meet  with  the  approval  of  the  teachers,  and  ac- 
complish the  end  for  which  it  is  intended,  is  the  earnest  wish  and  sincere 
hope  of  the  writer. 

CARL  ZIEGLER,  M.  D, 

Superintendent  of  Physical  Training  and  Hygiene. 
Cincinnati,  O..  September,  1904. 


THE  PURPOSE  OF  GYMNASTICS  IN  SCHOOLS. 


Obviously  this  is  not  the  place  for  a  discussion  of  the  question  whether 
gymnastics  should,  or  should  not  form  a  part  of  the  course  of  study.  But 
a  general  statement  of  facts  may  be  permissible. 

One  of  the  evils  consequent  to  modern  school  methods  is  the  long  con- 
finement of  the  pupils,  often  in  large  numbers,  from  five  to  six  hours  per 
day.  The  very  nature  of  our  school  organization  requires  that  the  pupils 
sit  quietly  at  their  desks  during  the  greater  part  of  this  long  period,  and 
as  the  desks  are  often  ill-fitting  and  out  of  proportion  to  the  size  of  the 
pupils,  much  physical  harm  results  therefrom.  The  immediate  results  of 
this  sedentary  life  are  disturbances  of  many  natural  functions :  digestion 
and  fiuTntion  arc  impared ;  the  respiration  becomes  shallow ;  the  circula- 
tion is  retarded;  soft  and  rapidly-growing  bony  structure  is  frequently 
pressed  upon  and  distorted,  causing  physical  deformitites. 

To  counteract  these  evil  tendencies,  at  least  in  a  measure,  gymnastics 
have  been  made  a  part  of  the  school  work  in  almost  every  large  city.  It 
is  also  useful  in  furnishing  not  only  a  slight  relaxation  from  the  confine- 
ment, but  also  a  recreation  from  the  mental  strain  of  study. 

M-USCular_work  stimulates  the  different  organs ;  the  heart  beats  more 
rapidly  and  stroTigTy ;  respirations  become  more  frequent  and  deeper ;  and 
the  digestion  is  improved.  But  in  addition  to  all  this,  well  regulated  ex- 
ercise brings  about  a  straightening  of  the  various  limbs;  the  muscles  of 
the  body  are  strengthened,  so  that  they  not  only  prevent  bony  deformities, 
but  will  correct  existing  abnormalities. 

In  addition  to  the  developmental  and  hygienic  functions  of  gymnastics, 
the  educational  value  must  als)  be  considered. 

Through  daily  exercise  the  pupils  are  led"fo  think  more  of  their  physi- 
cal condition.  Their  attention  is  directed  to  the  many  things  that  help  to 
undermine  health,  and  they  are  taught  to  appreciate  the  value  of  a  strong, 
well-proportioned  body,  and  to  detect  their  own  and  others'  shortcomings. 
The  habit  of  exercise  is  formed  and  continues  with  them  in  later  life. 

The  direct  training  of  the  motor  nerves  ensures  better  coordination, 
resulting  in  a  lesser  expenditure  of  vital  energy  in  any  and  every  kind  of 
muscular  work,  besides  lending  grace  to  every  movement.  Of  equal  im- 
portance with  the  motor  training  is  the  training  of  the  inhibitory  powers. 
To  supress  the  natural  desire  for  motion,  inherent  in  all  persons,  is 
one  thing,  but  to  train  the  will  so  as  to  control  the  many  involuntary 
movements,  is  quite  another.  Both  forms  of  nerve  training  must  result 
from  all  properly  conducted  physical  exercises. 

Since  so  much  depends  on  the  manner  in  which  a  gymnastic  lesson  is 
given,  it  is  the  duty  of  every  teacher  to  become  thoroughly  familiar  with 
every  phase  of  the  work,  in  order  that  the  greatest  possible  good  may 
result  to  the  pupils  under  her  care. 


—  5  — 

INSTRUCTIONS  AND  SUGGESTIONS  TO  TEACHERS. 


Before  beginning  the  lesson  be  sure  that  the  air  in  the  room  is  pure, 
or  will  become  so  before  the  lesson  is  far  advanced.  Ventilate  the  room 
thoroughly. 

Insist  upon  the  pupils  removing  overcoats,  overshoes,  cloaks,  and 
wraps  of  all  kinds.  Impress  upon  them  the  evil  effects  of  wearing  such 
things  indoors;  also  the  wearing  of  tight-fitting  garments  of  every  kind. 
Let  the  boys  unbutton  their  coats.  The  movements  should  be  as  free  as 
possible. 

In  the  first  and  second  grades  give  at  least  three  lessons  a  day.  In  the 
third  and  fourth  grades  give  at  least  two  lessons  a  day;  one  short  period 
between  11  and  11:30  o'clock,  and  a  longer  period  between  2:15  and  2:45 
o'clock.  In  the  fifth,  sixth,  seventh  and  eighth  grades  give  at  least  one 
lesson  per  day,  preferably  about  the  middle  of  the  afternoon  session. 

The  minimum  time  to  be  given  for  this  subject  is  15  minutes 
a  day.  In  the  longer  periods  give  the  entire  lesson  as  prepared;  in  the 
shorter  periods  give  at  least  one  arm  movement,  the  various  trunk  exer- 
cises, and  one  leg  movement.  Close  every  lesson  with  a  breathing  ex- 
ercise, if  the  air  in  the  room  is  pure. 

Each  lesson  should  consist  of:  (a)  The  march  to  places.  (All  grades 
but  the  first.)  (&)  Several  preliminary  exercises,  consisting  of  several 
facings,  starting  positions,  etc.  (c)  The  exercises  contained  in  the  lesson. 
(d)  The  breathing  exercise,  (e)  The  march  back  to  seats. 

Be  precise  in  giving  commands.  (See  below.)  Give  every  new  exer- 
cise by  command ;  if  necessary,  repeat  several  times  before  beginning  to 
exercise  in  rhythm.  When  the  class  is  exercising  in  rhythm  count  the  dif- 
ferent movements  of  the  exercise ;  as,  1-2,  if  two  movements  compose  the 
exercise,  and  1-2-3-4,  if  the  exercise  is  composed  of  four  movements. 

Do  not  require  pupils  to  memorize  the  lesson. 

Repeat  each  exercise  six  to  ten  times,  according  to  the  muscular  effort 
required.  , 

Let  the  exercises  follow  each  other  as  quickly  as  possible,  i.  e.,  do  not 
waste  time  in  correcting  individual  pupils,  or  in  making  lengthy  explana- 
tions. Remember  that  the  prime  object  is  exercise.  Keep  the  pupils  busy. 
Remember  that  to  show  the  exercise  once  is  better  than  several  explana- 
tions. Insist  on  a  proper  standing  position  at  all  times,  also  on  correct 
movements. 

When  a  musical  instrument  is  .--.yailable  it  may  be  used,  so  long  as  the 
pupils  exercise  with  that  vim  and  vigor  which  characterize  efficient  work. 
The  movements  should  never  be  allowed  to  become  mechanical. 

Exercises  may  be  given:  (a)  by  command;  (&)  by  count;  (c)  in 
rhythmic  succession. 

(a)  All  new  exercises  must  be  given  by  command,  in  order  that  the 
pupils  may  fix  the  movements  in  their  minds.  The  command  for  each  part 
of  the  exercise  should  be  given  separately;  as,  "Arms  forward — Raise!" 
"Arms — Down !" 

(b}  If  an  exercise  is  difficult,  as  in  the  case  of  a  combination  exer- 
cise, it  should  be  repeated  several  times  by  command,  or  numbers  may  be 
substituted  for  the  commands,  but  there  must  be  a  command  or  count  for 
each  movement,  the  pupils  moving  only  by  the  guidance  of  the  teacher.  The 
counts  may  be  given  at  longer  intervals  or  in  rapid  succession  as  the  occa- 
sion demands,  but  without  any  attempt  at  rhythm. 

(c)  After  an  exercise  has  been  learned  it  can  be  executed  in  rhyth- 
mic succession.  The  rhythm  is  indicated  either  by  counting,  by  tapping 
with  a  pencil  or  the  foot,  or  by  music.  The  former  is  preferable,  for,  by 
accenting  the  various  counts,  the  pupils  are  inspired  to  more  vigorous  and 
energetic  movements.  The  rhythm  should  vary  according  to  the  exercise. 


A  simple  exercise  may  be  executed  more  rapidly  than  one  that  requires  the 
coordination  of  a  large  number  of  muscles,  or  one  in  which  there  are  large 
movements  of  the  whole  body.  Ordinarily  the  rhythm  should  be  about 
march-time,  but  trunk  exercises  should  be  about  half  as  fast.  Exercises 
may  also  be  given  in  double  or  quadruple  time,  the  pupils  moving  on  the 
odd  numbers,  or  on  the  first  of  four  counts,  holding  the  position  during  the 
even  counts  or  from  1-4  as  the  case  may  be. 

When  an  exercise  is  to  be  executed  in  rhythmic  succession,  give 
the  command:  "In  time — Begin!"  and  immediately  begin  to  count: 
"1-2,"  etc.  When  the  exercise  is  to  cease  give  the  command  "Stop !" 
instead  of  the  last  count;  as,  "1-2-3-4,  1-2-3-Stop!"  If  the  pupils  are 
marching  use  the  command  "Halt!"  Give  the  command  "Halt!"  when  the 
pupils  are  raising  the  right  foot.  They  should  then  take  one  more  step 
with  the  left  foot,  and  stop  with  the  right. 

When  an  exercise  requires  a  starting  position  give  the  command  for 
that  before  giving  the  command  for  any  part  of  the  exercise.  If  the  starting 
position  is  fatiguing,  and  if  there  are  several  exercises  which  require  the 
same  position  give  the  command  to  resume  the  fundamental  position  after 
each  exercise,  in  order  that  the  affected  muscles  may  be  momentarily  re- 
lieved from  the  strain.  Never  fatigue  a  muscle  or  a  group  of  muscles. 

The  exercises  of  a  lesson  should  follow  each  other  in  quick  succession ; 
and  explanations  and  corrections  should  be  as  brief  as  possible.  When  the 
class  is  exercising  in  rhythm  the  teacher  may  make  corrections  by  calling 
the  attention  of  individual  pupils  to  errors  without  stopping  the  work  of 
the  class :  as,  Willie,  hold  up  your  head ;  Mary,  stretch  your  arms ;  George, 
you  are  bending  the  wrong  leg,  etc.  Stop  the  class  for  corrections  only 
when  a  number  of  pupils  are  at  fault.  Remember  that  it  is  often  better  to 
commend  a  pupil  who  is  doing  well  than  to  find  fault  with  the  one  who  is 
in  error.  Therefore  it  is  sometimes  advisable  to  let  one  who  does  an  ex- 
ercise correctly  show  the  class  how  well  it  can  be  done.  Call  attention  fre- 
quently, especiallly  before  beginning  the  lesson,  to  a  good  standing  position ; 
as.  Stand  erect!  Feet  turned  out!  Heels  and  knees  together!  Chest 
raised  !  Hips  back,  etc. 

A  straight-line  drawing  of  a  difficult  position  will  often  help  the  pupils 
to  understand  the  same. 

As  it  is  impossible  to  see  all  the  movements  of  all  the  pupils  from  the 
same  place,  the  teacher  should  move  about,  to  different  parts  of  the  room ; 
a  side  or  rear  view  of  the  class  will  often  reveal  errors  that  are  not  visible 
from  the  front. 

Pupils  who  do  their  work  poorly  should  not  stand  in  front  of  the  class. 
Imitation  is  a  large  factor  in  education,  and,  therefore,  the  pupils  should 
see  only  good  models. 

A  self-conscious  pupil  will  work  better  when  standing  behind  another, 
than  when  directly  under  the  eye  of  the  teacher. 

After  the  different  exercises  have  been  mastered  much  time  can  be 
saved  by  changing  from  one  exercise  to  another  without  stopping,  the 
teacher  giving  the  command  for  the  next  exercise  while  the  class  is  work- 
ing, and  then  giving  the  command  "Change !"  on  the  last  count  of  the  exer- 
cise which  the  class  is  performing.  Thus  changing  from  one  exercise  to 
another,  or  a  movement  from  one  side  to  the  other,  or  alternating  two  ex- 
ercises that  are  similar,  should  be  done  without  pause. 

The  special  teachers  will  visit  each  class  once  in  two  weeks  to  teach 
the  new  lesson.  The  Superintendent  will  visit  each  room  at  least  twice 
a  year  to  see  how  the  class  teachers  conduct  the  work.  At  these  visits 
he  will  take  note  of  the  following  points: 

The  manner  of  giving  the  lesson :  clearness  and  accuracy  in  giving 
commands;  emphasis  and  precision  in  commanding  and  counting;  correct- 
ing faulty  execution. 

Attitude  of  the  class  :  attention  of  the  oupils ;  interpretation  of  com- 
mands ;  promptness,  correctness,  and  vigor-  of  execution ;  poise  of  the 
pupils, — correct  standing  and  walking. 


COMMANDS. 


The  proper  giving  of  the  commands  is  of  the  utmost  importance.  Upon 
the  ability  to  give  commands  depends  largely  the  success  or  failure  of  the 
teacher.  The  motor  activities  as  well  as  the  inhibitory  powers  are  de- 
veloped by  the  prompt  response  to  well-given  commands,  while  the  tone  of 
voice  and  the  emphasis  determine  largely  the  amount  of  vigor  and  energy 
the  pupils  put  into  their  work.  Therefore  every  teacher  should  make  it 
a  duty  to  study  carefully  the  commands  and  to  acquire  the  habit  of  giving 
them  correctly. 

Every  command  should  have  two  parts :  "Explanatory"  and  "Execu- 
tive." The  first  part,  in  which  the  class  is  informed  of  what  it  is  to  do, 
should  be  as  terse  and  precise  as  is  consistent  with  clearness,  and  should 
be  in  the  form  of  a  complete  sentence,  conveying  clearly  the  idea  of  the 
motion  or  motions  to  be  executed;  as,  "Raise  arms  forward"  is  the  first 
part  of  a  command.  However,  to  complete  the  command  the  second,  or 
executive  part  is  necessary  in  order  that  the  pupils  may  know  when  to 
raise  the  arms.  For  this  part  of  the  command  the  verb  which  indicates 
the  movement  is  generally  used,  although  in  exercises  having  a  succession 
of  movements  a  number  may  be  used  instead. 

When  using  the  verb  as  the  command  of  execution,  it  is  well,  in  order 
to  avoid  repetition  of  the  word,  to  use  the  inverted  form,  placing  the  verb 
last,  thus:  Arms  forward — Raise!  If  the  movement  be  compound,  i.  e., 
if  two  or  more  parts  of  the  body  are  to  be  moved  at  once,  use  the  last 
verb  for  the  command;  thus:  Arms  forward  and  heels — Raise!  or,  Raise 
left  leg  and  arms  forward — Stretch ! 

The  explanatory  part  of  a  command  should  always  be  given  in  a  clear 
and  distinct  manner.  Then  there  should  be  a  pause  of  greater  or  lesser 
duration,  which  is  followed  by  the  command  for  execution,  and  this  ^should 
always  be  given  in  an  accented  and  forceful  manner.  The  call  for  "Atten- 
tion!" should  be  used  sparingly,  as  it  is  presumed  that  all  pupils,  when 
exercising  are  attentive.  When  it  is  used,  it  should  be  in  the  manner  of 
an  executive  command.  When  an  exercise  is  to  be  discontinued  use  the 
command  "Stop!"  or  "Halt!"  Thi-  should  also  be  as  decisive  as  a  com- 
mand for  execution. 

In  specifying  direction,  movement,  or  part  of  the  body,  the  teacher 
should  always  use  the  exact  term;  as,  forward,  upward,  raise,  thrust, 
stretch,  left  leg,  right  knee,  etc.,  so  that  the  pupil  will  not  be  in  doubt  as 
to  the  meaning  of  the  command. 

In  this  manual  technical  terms  are  avoided  as  much  as  possible.  The 
term  "Bendkneestep"  which  is  used,  is  a  contraction  of  the  sentence : 
"Bend  (right)  knee  and  step  forward  with  the  (left)  foot."  This  con- 
traction gives  us  "Bendkneestep  forward  left."  All  other  technical  expres- 
sions are  so  plain  that  they  are  self-explanatory.  The  use  of  the  suffix 
"ward"  in  connection  with  the  word  side,  giving  "sideward,"*  is  used  for 
the  sake  of  uniformity  with  upward  and  forward. 

*  See  Standard  Dictionary. 


EXPLANATION  OF  POSITIONS. 


^.-FUNDAMENTAL  POSITION. 

The  position  for  exercising  should  always  t:  an  erect  one,  or  what  is 
commonly  known  as  that  of  the  soldier.  The  heels  and  knees  should  be 
close  together ;  the  toes  turned  outward  to  an  angle  of  about  90° ;  the  body, 
erect  and  well  balanced  upon  the  hips,  should  be  inclined  slightly  forward 
so  as  to  throw  the  weight  a  little  more  upon  the  balls  of  the  feet  than  upon 
the  heels ;  the  chest  active ;  the  shoulders  level  and  well  back ;  head  erect 
and  eyes  forward ;  arms  at  the  side  with  the  fingers  touching  the  thigh  a 
little  behind  the  middle  line.  Command:  In  Position— Stand ! 

If  it  becomes  necessary  to  allow  the  pupils  to  stand  in  any  other  posi- 
tion, give  the  command  :  In  Place — Rest! 

The  pupils  will  then  place  the  right  foot  backward,  grasp  hands  back- 
ward and  stand  in  an  easy  but  erect  attitude. 

The  teachers  should  at  all  times  insist  upon  the  pupils  standing  in  a 
proper  position,  whether  for  exercising  or  for  recitations. 

S.-STARTING  POSITIONS. 

A  large  number  of  exercises  are  executed  from  the  "Fundamental 
Position;"  for  others  it  may  be  necessary  or  desirable  to  have  the  arms 
or  legs  in  a  certain  position  from  which  to  begin  the  exercise.  These  are 
called  "Starting  Positions."*  They  are  as  follows: 

a.     Hands  on  hips — Place!     Hands — Down! 

The  hands  are  placed  so  that  the  palms  rest  upon  the  crest  of  the  ilium, 
fingers  closed  and   directed   forward,   thumbs  backward,   shoulders 
and    elbows    well    back.      The    forearm    and    hand    should    form    a 
straight  line  from  the  elbow  to  the  finger-tips. 
/;.     Hands  backward — Grasp!     Hands — Down! 

The  hands  are  grasped  behind,  the  elbows  extended  and  the  shoulders 
well  back. 

c.  Arms  forward — Fold!     Arms — Down! 

The  arms  are  raised  forward,  elbows  on  a  level  with  the  shoulders, 
the  forearms  crossed,  the  hands  grasping  the  upper  arm. 

d.  Arms  backward — Fold!     Arms — Down! 

The  arms  are  folded  behind  the  back,  the  hands  grasping  the  opposite 
arm. 

e.  Hands  on  shoulders — Place!     Hands — Down! 

The  arms  are  raised  outward  and  bent  so  as  to  bring  the  hands  above 
'the  shoulders;  the  elbows  are  directed  sideward  and  on  a  line  with 
the  shoulders;  the  wrist  and  hand  are  slightly  curved. 

f.  Arms  to  thrust — Bend!     Arms — Down! 

The  arms  are  bent  to  an  acute  angle,  elbows  well  back,  forearm  hori- 
zontal, upper  arm  inclined  backward,  wrist  straight  and  hands 
clenched  (fist).  The  muscles  of  the  arms  should  be  tense. 

g.  Hands  behind  neck — Place!     Hands — Down! 

Raise  the  arms  outward;  bend  them  so  that  the  hands  will  be  behind 
the  neck,  and  place  them  so  that  the  finger-tips  touch  at  the  base 
of  the  skull.  The  elbows  must  be  in  line  with  the  shoulders  and 
the  head  well  back. 


*  In  the  lessons  of  this  manual  the  commands  for  the  starting  posi- 
tions, as  well  as  the  return  commands,  are  printed  in  larger  type  than  the 
commands  for  the  exercises. 


h.    Arms  upward — Bend!     Arms — Down! 

Bend  the  forearm  upward  so  that  the  hands  are  in  front  of  the  shoul- 
ders, the  fingers  pointing  upward,  the  palms  towards  the  shoulders. 
i.     Arms  inward — Bend!     Arms — Down! 

Raise  the  arms  so  that  the  elbows  and  forearms  are  in  a  line  and  on 
a  level   with  the  shoulders,  finger-tips   touching,  palms   downward. 
y.     Arms  to  strike — Raise!     Arms — Down! 

Place   the  clenched   fists   above   the   shoulders,  the  knuckles  backward. 

The  arms  are  in  the  same  position  as  in  "e." 
k.    Hands  for  clapping — Raise!     Hands — Down! 

Raise  the  left  forearm  so  that  the  hand  is  in  front  of  the  middle  of 
the  body,  palm  upward;  the  right  hand  is  raised  just  a  little  higher 
and  above  the  left,  with  the  palm  downward. 
/.     Stride  position — Stand!     In  position — Stand! 

Place   the   foot   indicated   in   the   desired   direction,   forward,   sideward 

or   backward,   about   two   foot   lengths    from   the   other,   allow   the 

body  to  move  in  the  same  direction,  and  stand  firmly  on  both  feet ; 

the  weight  of  the  body  being  equally  divided. 

m.  Stride  position  sideward,  both  feet  sideward — Place!     In  position 

—Stand! 

Place  the  left  foot  about  one  foot  length  to  the  left  and  the  right  foot 
the  same  distance  to  the  right;  the  body  does  not  move,  the  weight 
being  equally  divided  on  both  feet. 


EXPLANATION  OF  EXERCISES. 


Head— (a)  The  head  can  be  lowered  forward,  backward,  and  side- 
ward left  and  right. 

Forward — Drop  the  head  forward  so  that  the  chin  will  rest  upon  the  chest. 
Backward — Move  the  head  backward  so  that  the  face  will  be  turned  up- 
ward, but  the  chin  should  be  close  to  the  neck. 
Sideward — Incline  the  head  toward  the  shoulder. 
Command:     Head  forward— Lower! 

Head— Raise! 
Other  directions  similarly. 

(fc)     The  head  can  be  turned  to  the  left  and  right.     It  should  be  perfectly 
erect  and  turned  as  far  as  possible  in  the  direction  indicated. 
Command:     Head  to  the  left  (  _Turn! 

right  / 

Front — Turn! 
NOTE. — All  head  exercises  should  be  executed  slowly. 


Trunk. — The  trunk  can  be  bent  forward,  downward,  backward  and 
sideward ;  also  obliquely  forward  and  backward.  It  can  also  be  turned  or 
twisted. 

(a)  Forward — The  forward  bending  is  not  a  true  bending  of  the  trunk 
but  a  lowering  of  the  whole  body  forward,  but  to  avoid  confusion, 
and  for  ease  in  giving  tke  command,  the  word  "bend"  will  be  used 
to  designate  this  movement.  The  body,  which  should  be  in  an 
erect  position,  with  the  chest  active  and  head  well  poised,  is  in- 
clined forward  to  a  greater  or  lesser  degree;  the  movement  is  en- 


—   10  — 

tirely  at  the  hips;  the  back  must  be  flat  (no  curve);  the  head 
retains  its  relative  position,  except  that  the  chin  is  raised  so  as  to 
turn  the  face  toward  the  front. 

Command  :     Trunk  forward — Bend ! 
Trunk — Raise ! 

(b)  Doivnward — Unlike  the  forward  movement  the  spine  is  bent  as  well 

as  the  whole  body  inclined  forward.     The  head,  although  in  the 
same  relation  to  the  body,  should  be  below  the  level  of  the  hips, 
and  the  spine  curved  with  the  convexity  upward. 
Command:     Trunk  downward — Bend! 
Trunk — Raise! 

(c)  Backward — The  backward  bending  must  be   a   true  bending  of  the 

spine.  Movement  below  the  hips  should  be  entirely  avoided.  The 
upper  part  of  the  body  is  bent  backward ;  the  chest  well  raised ; 
the  head  in  the  same  relative  position,  and  the  face  upward.  The 
legs  should  be  straight,  and  should  in  no  wise  participate  in  the 
movement. 

Command:     Trunk  backward — Bend! 
Trunk — Raise! 

(d)  Sideward — The  trunk  is  bent,  so  that  the  upper  part  of  the  body  is 

inclined  toward  the  side;  the  head  squarely  above  the  shoulders. 
The  flexion  is  entirely  above  the  hips ;  the  legs  must  be  straight, 
and  care  must  be  taken  not  to  raise  the  foot  on  the  opposite  side. 
The  body  must  not  twist  or  incline  forward  or  backward. 
Command:     Trunk  sideward — Bend! 
Trunk — Straighten! 

(e)  Obliquely  forward — Turn  the  body  (without  moving  the  feet)   so  as 

to  face  half  way  between  forward  and  sideward,  then  bend  for- 
ward as  under  "a." 

Command:     Trunk  obliquely  forward — Bend! 
Trunk — Raise!  / 

(/)  Obliquely  backward — Turn  as  under  "e,"  then  bend  backward,  as 
under  "c."  When  bending  obliquely  backward,  left,  the  turning 
is  toward  the  right. 

Command:     Trunk  obliquely  backward — Bend! 

Trunk — Straighten ! 

(g)     Turning — Turn  or  twist  the  body  so  as  to  bring  the  broad  axis  of 
the  chest  into  the  deep  axis   (or  nearly  so)  ;  the  hips  should  not 
participate  in  the  movement,  nor  should  the  legs  be  twisted. 
Command:     Trunk  to  the  left  /  _Turn! 

Forward — Turn ! 

NOTE. — All  trunk  exercises  should  be  executed  slowly.  For 
musical  accompaniment  a  waltz  (3-4  time)  "s  preferable,  the  move- 
ment taking  place  on  the  first  beat  of  each  measure. 

In  all  trunk  exercises  the  body  must  be  in  a  good  position. 
The  chest  must  be  active,  i.  e.,  well  raised,  and  the  muscles  which 
help  to  expand  it,  in  action.  The  abdomen  should  be  back ;  the 
head,  well  poised. 


Arms. — The  arm  exercises  are  classified  under  the  following  headings : 
(a)  Raising;  (fe)  Swinging;  (c}  Stretchipg;  (d)  Thrusting;  (e}  Throw- 
ing; (/)  Striking;  (g)  Circling;  (h)  Rotating;  (*)  Winding. 

NOTE. — Teachers  should  be  careful  to  distinguish  every  exercise  by  its 
proper  name. 


—  11  — 

(a)  Raising — Raising   the   arms    implies    that    they   are   eltvatecl    from    a 

lower  to  a  higher  level. 

They  should  remain  straight  during  the  entire  movement,  ex- 
cept when  both  arms  are  raised  sideward  left  or  right. 

When  raised  forward ;  or  sideward ;  they  are  on  a  level  and  in 
a  direct  line  with  the  shoulders.  The  palms  of  the  hands  are 
downward. 

When  raised  upward ;  they  are  vertical,  close  to  the  head,  as 
far  apart  as  the  shoulders,  and  the  palms  of  the  hands  are  toward 
each  other. 

When  raised  obliquely  upward;  they  are  half  way  between  for- 
ward and  upward,  the  hands  as  in  the  upward  position. 

When  raised  diagonally;  one  arm  is  obliquely  sideward  up- 
ward, the  other  sideward  downward;  the  hands  are  in  pronation. 

When  raised  sideward ;  left  or  right ;  one  arm  is  straight  side- 
ward, the  other  bent  to  a  right  angle,  with  the  hand  in  front  of 
the  opposite  shoulder,  both  arms  on  a  level  with  the  shoulders; 
the  hands  in  pronation. 

When  raised  forward  upward,  or  sideward  upward,  the  hands 
are  turned  after  they  pass  the  horizontal  plane. 

Command:     Arms  forward — Raise! 
Arms — Lower ! 

Other  positions  similarly. 

( b )  Swinging — 

1.     The  arms  are  moved  quickly  forward  and  backward  as  a  pendulum. 
:.'.     With  arms  sideward  ;  swing  them  up  and  down  quickly — so-called 
"Flying  Movement." 

3.  With  both  arms  sideward  left ;  swing  them  on  the  same  level,  to 
the  position  sideward  right. 

4.  The  arms  may  also  be  swung  in  a  circle  forward,  backward,  side- 
ward, inward  and  outward.    In  all  these  movements  the  arms  must 
be  straight. 

(c)  Stretching — To  stretch  the  arms  they  must  be  previously  bent.     They 

arc  stretched  from  the  position,  "Hands  on  hips,"  "Hands  on 
shoulders,"  or  "Arms  upward — Bend!" 

When  stretching  from  hips,  the  hands  are  first  raised  to  the 
height  of  the  shoulders,  the  hands  are  turned  in  the  direction  in- 
dicated, and  the  arms  quickly  extended  to  their  full  length.  If 
stretched  upward  the  hands  must  pass  close  in  front  of  the  should- 
ers and  go  straight  up  past  the  head. 

When  stretching  from  shoulders ;  the  hands  are  also  first 
turned  in  the  direction  indicated  by  the  command. 

From  the  position,  "Arms  upward — Bend!"  the  stretching  is 
the  same  as  in  the  foregoing,  except  that  the  bending  and  stretch- 
ing may  be  separate  movements,  or  counts,  or  the  bending  and 
stretching  may  be  in  rapid  succession,  or  in  one  count,  as  one 
movement. 

NOTE. — The  hands  are  in  the  same  position  when  the  arms  are 
straight,  as  when  they  are  raised.  In  all  stretching,  the  fingers  are 
straight,  and  precede  the  arms. 

Command:     Arms  forward— Stretch ! 
Arms — Bend ! 

Other  directions  similarly. 

(d)  Thrusting — This  is  the  most  vigorous  arm   movement.     It  must  be 

preceded  by  taking  the  position  "Arms  to  thrust."  From  this  posi- 
tion the  first  is  raised  in  front  of  the  shoulders,  then  turned  in  the 
direction  indicated  in  the  command,  and  the  arm  forcibly  ex- 


—  12  — 

tended.  As  the  arm  is  straightened,  the  forearm  is  turned  so  as 
to  bring  the  hand  into  pronation.  In  the  return  movement,  which 
should  be  as  vigorous  as  the  thrust,  the  forearm  is  again  turned 
so  that  the  hand  is  in  supination. 

Command:     Arms  forward — Thrust! 

Arms — Bend  I 
Other  directions  similarly. 

(c)  Throwing — This  movement  is  executed  either  from  "Hands  on 
shoulders"  or  from  "Arms  inward— Bend!"  It  consists  in  forcible 
extension  of  the  forearm,  bringing  it  in  a  line  with  the  upper  arm ; 
the  latter  does  not  participate  in  the  movement. 

When  the  exercise  is  from  the  shoulders  the  hand  is  in  supina- 
tion, when  the  arm  is  straight;  when  from  "Arms  inward — Bend!" 
it  is  in  pronation. 

Command:     Arms  sideward — Throw! 

Arms — Bend! 

(/)     Striking — From  position  "Arms  to  strike"  extend  the  arm  vigorously 
sideward  as  in  throwing,  but  the  first  remains  clinched,  the  knuck- 
les backward.  • 
Command:     Sideward— Strike ! 

Arms — Bend ! 

( g )  Circling — From  position  "Arms  sideward"  move  the  arm  a  short  dis- 
tance in  the  direction  indicated,  then  lower  it  slightly ;  move  in  the 
opposite  direction,  and  continue  the  movement  upward  and  in  the 
first  direction.  The  hand  should  describe  a  circle  of  from  twelve 
to  fifteen  inches  in  diameter. 

Command:     Arms  forward  )      p,-.-!*' 

backward  (  ~" Cir 

(//)  Rotation — This  is  a  turning  of  the  arm  around  its  long  axis.  The 
hand  being  alternately  in  pro-  and  supination.  It  may  be  executed 
in  any  position  of  the  arms. 

Command :     Arms— Turn! 

(i)  Winding — Raise  the  arms,  slightly  bent,  in  front  of  the  body,  describe 
a  circle  with  the  hands,  and  stretch  the  arms  vigorously  in  a  given 
direction — forward,  sideward  or  uoward.  Winding  inward,  when 
the  movement  begins  upward  and  toward  the  body ;  outward,  when 
reversed. 


Shoulders. — The  shoulder  exercises  are  limited  to  raising,  which  is  an 
exaggerated  form  of  shrugging,  and  to  moving  forward  and  backward.  In 
both  exercises  the  rest  of  the  body,  especially  the  head,  must  not  move. 
In  raising  the  shoulders ;  they  move  straight  up  and  down ;  in  moving  for- 
ward and  backward ;  they  must  remain  at  the  normal  level  throughout  the 
exercise. 

Command:     Shoulders — Raise! — Lower! 

Shoulders    backward  )  «.        T 

forward  ( 


Leg's. — The  leg  exercises  are  classified  under  the  following  headings  : 
(a)   Raising    Heels;     (b)   Knee    Bending;     (Y)   Leg   Raising;     (</)   Knee 
Raising;     O)   Foot    Raising;     (/")    Stepping:     1.  Touchstep,    2.  Stride,    3. 
Bendkneestep,    4.  Lunge;    (g)   Knee  Bending  in  Stride  Position. 
(«)     Raising  heels. — When  but  one  heel  is  raised  the  leg  is  bent  at  the 
knee  and  the  heel  raised  as  high  as  possible ;  the  toes  remain  in 
pi  .ice ;  the  foot  must  not  be  turned. 

Command.     Lett     '  heel_Kaise!     Heel-Lower! 


—  18  — 

When  both  heels  are  raised  the  legs  are  straight  and  together; 
the  feet  remain  at  right  angles  to  each  other ;  the  heels  are  raised 
as  high  as  possible ;  when  the  heels  are  lowered  they  must  come 
down  gently,  so  there  will  be  no  jarring  of  the  body  and  no 
noise.  The  body  should  move  upward  and  downward  in  a  straight 
line,  without  swaying  forward  or  backward. 

Command:    Heels — Raise!    Heels — Down! 

Knee  bending. — The  knees  may  be  bent  to  a  right  angle,  without 
raising  the  heels,  or  to  an  acute  angle,  when  the  heels  must  be 
raised,  the  body  resting  on  the  balls  of  the  feet.  In  either  case 
the  body  should  be  erect  when  the  movement  is  complete.  There 
must  be  no  bending  forward,  the-  body  simply  moving  down  and 
up.  The  former  exercise,  bending  to  right  angle,  is  for  the  first 
grade  only;  all  other  grades  bend  to  an  acute  angle. 
Command:  Knees — Bend!  Knees — Straighten! 

Leg  raising. — When  the  leg  is  raised  it  must  be  straight;  the  ankle 
must  be  well  extended ;  the  foot  twelve  or  fifteen  inches  above  the 
floor.     The  body  should  remain  erect,  and  should  not  sway  in  the 
opposite  direction  from  that  in  which  the  leg  is  raised. 
forward 


sideward 


Command:    Leg     backward 


— Raise!     Leg — Lower! 


inward 

(rf)  Knee  raising.  —  In  this  exercise  the  knee  is  the  most  prominent  part. 
It  is  raised  as  high  as  the  hip;  the  thigh  forming  a  right  angle 
with  the  body;  the  lower  part  of  the  leg  is  straight  down  from 
the  knee,  at  right  angles  to  the  thigh;  the  ankle  is  well  extended, 
the  toes  pointing  downward. 

Command:     L«ft    |  knee—  Raise!     Knee—  Lower! 

<r)  I'oot  raising.  —  The  foot  is  raised  backward  or  inward.  In  the 
former  the  knee  is  bent  so  that  the  lower  part  of  the  leg  and  the 
foot  are  moved  backward  ;  the  knees  remaining  together.  The  foot 
may  be  raised  high  enough  for  the  heel  to  touch  the  body.  In 
raising  the  foot  inward  the  knee  moves  sideward;  the  lower  part 
of  the  leg  is  directed  inward  and  the  foot  is  in  front  of  the  other 
knee. 

Command:     Foot  *1      Baise!     Foot-Lower! 


(0     Stepping-  —  There  are  four  stepping  exercises  — 

1.  Touchstep;  2.  Stride;  3.  Bendknee-step  ;  4.  Lunge. 
1.  Touchstep—  Move  the  leg  in  a  given  direction,  and  by  an  exten- 
sion of  the  ankle,  touch  the  toes  lightly  on  the  floor.  The  foot  re- 
mains in  the  same  relative  position  as  before  the  movement  ;  i.  e., 
at  a  right  angle  to  the  other  foot.  There  should  be  absolutely  no 
movement  of  the  body,  and  both  legs  must  be  perfectly  straight. 
The  common  errors,  which  the  teacher  must  guard  against,  are  :  a 
slight  bending  of  the  other  knee,  or  a  tilting  of  the  pelvis.  The 
latter  movement  throws  the  weight  of  the  body  to  one  side.  , 

The  exercise  is  the  same,  whether  forward,  sideward,  back- 
ward, or  crossed  in  front  or  rear  of  the  other  leg. 

In  the  backward  movement  the  tendency  to  bend  the  moving 
leg  and  to  place  the  edge  of  the  shoe  on  the  floor  must  be  guarded 
against.  In  the  cross-touchsteo  the  turning  of  the  foot  and  the 
bending  of  the  leg  must  be  avoided.  In  all  touchstep  exercises 
the  weight  of  the  body  is  entirely  on  the  leg  that  is  not  moved. 


--    14  — 

Command:    Touchstep  forward  left — Step! 
Cross-touchstep  left — Step! 
Foot — Replace! 

Other  directions  similarly. 

2.  Stride — This  is  simply  an  ordinary  step  in  the  direction  indi- 
cated ;  the  foot  should  move  at  least  two  foot-lengths  from 
the  other,  and  both  feet  must  be  firmly  on  the  floor ;  the  weight 
of  the  body  being  equally  divided. 

Command  :     Stride  sideward  left — Step ! 
Foot — Keplace! 

Other  directions  similarly. 

3  Bendkneestep — This  exercise  differs  from  the  touchstep  only  in 
bending  the  knee  of  the  leg  that  is  not  moved ;  the  step  is  there- 
fore longer,  and  the  whole  foot  is  pluced  on  the  floor.  As  in 
the  touchstep,  the  body  must  be  perfectly  erect. 

Command:    Bendkneestep  sideward  left — Step! 
Foot — Replace! 

Other  directions  similarly. 

4.  Lunge — The  foot  is  moved  at  least  three  foot-lengths  in  the  given 
direction,  the  body  moving  in  the  same  direction,  and  as  the  foot 
touches  the  floor,  the  leg  is  bent  so  that  the  knee  projects  beyond 
the  toes.  The  sole  of  the  shoe  should  always  touch  first,  the 
heel  coming  down  a  trifle  later.  The  other  leg  must  remain  per- 
fectly straight  and  the  foot  firmly  upon  the  floor.  The  body 
remains  erect. 

r-  1       T  «-P*  ^  forward        ) 

Command:     Left  lackward     IL  , 

Blght    [  sideward      ) 
Foot — Replace! 

(g)  Knee  bending  in  stride  position — This  exercise  requires  that  the 
stride  position  is  taken  first.  If  one  knee  is  bent,  the  body  is 
moved  toward  the  leg  as  the  knee  bends,  so  the  position  is  the 
same  as  in  the  lunge,  except  that  the  feet  are  not  so  far  apart. 
When  both  knees  are  bent  (only  in  the  stride  position  forward 
or  backward)  the  heel  of  the  rear  foot  is  raiser  as  the  leg  is 
bent,  and  the  knee  almost  touches  the  floor;  the  forward  leg  is 
bent  to  a  right  angle,  but  the  foot  remains  firmly  upon  the  floor. 
Command  :  Left  )  _ 

Right  IK  Bend! 

Both  I  Knees 


MARCHING. 


Marching  in  the  school-room  is  necessarily  limited  ;  but  some  atten- 
tion should  be  paid  to  it,  not  only  during  the  gymnastic  lesson,  but  also 
in  dismissing  the  classes  from  the  rooms.  It  is  an  unfortunate  fact  that 
teachers  often  require  pupils  to  leave  the  room  with  a  slow  and  stealthy 
step.  This  tends  to  produce  the  shuffling  and  shambling  gait,  with  droop- 
ing shoulders  and  head,  so  common  with  school  children. 

Children  should  be  taught  to  walk  with  a  brisk,  light,  and  elastic 
step,  which  of  itself  is  conducive  to  good  carriage  and  proper  poise.  This 
can  be  done  without  noise  or  undue  haste. 


Marching  in  some  form  should  be  a  part  of  every  gymnastic  lesson. 
During  the  first  few  weeks  the  pupils  of  the  first  grade  need  not  keep 
in  step;  i.  e.,  it  is  not  essential  that  all  the  left  feet  move  at  the  same 
time,  but  rythmic  succession  of  movement  must  be  learned.  Having  mas- 
tered that,  they  should  be  taught  to  begin  with  the  left  foot,  and  to  keep 
in  step  as  well  as  in  time. 

In  the  second  and  higher  grades,  keeping  step  should  be  as  natural 
as  keeping  time  with  music. 

The  gait  should  not  be  faster  than  one  hundred  twenty  steps  a 
minute.  The  tendency  to  accelerate  should  be  overcome  by  the  teacher's 
keeping  time  by  clapping  hands  or  tapping  with  the  foot,  or  pencil.  The 
rate  of  speed  should  be  maintained  whether  the  pupils  march  in  place 
(mark  time)  or  march  forward.  In  the  upper  grades  the  marching  to 
places  will  furnish  the  opportunity  for  this  drill,  although  some  of  the 
other  forms  described  below  may  be  introduced  into  the  lessons. 

In  the  first  and  second  grades  an  occasional  march  around  the  room 
will  not  come  amiss. 

Marching  in  Place,  or  Marking  Time. 

Command:     Mark  time — March!     Halt! 

Marking  time  is  marching  without  gaining  ground.  The  feet  are 
raised  alternately  forward  and  immediately  replaced ;  the  knees  are  slightly 
bent  and  the  ankles  extended  as  the  foot  moves  forward,  but  there  should 
be  no  undue  swinging  of  the  legs  or  swaying  of  the  body. 

Variations — (a)     Mark  time  and  clap  hands  with  every  step. 
(b}     Mark  time  and  clap  hands  on  every  other  step, 
(c)     Mark  time  and  clap  hands  on  the  first  of  4,  6,  or  8  steps. 
(d}     After  some  practice,  clap  hands  on  3rd,  5th  or  7th  steps. 
(e)     Mark  time  and  clap  hands  four  steps,  then  four  steps  with- 
out clapping  Hands. 
(/)     Mark  time  and  clap  hands  on  the  1st,  3rd,  5th,  6th  and  7th 

of  eight  steps.     (Drum-beat.) 

(g)     Mark  time  and  turn  to  the  left  or  right  on  a  given  count 
(1st,  4th,  etc.).     Turning  in  the  same  direction  four  times 
will  cause  the  pupils  to  execute  a  complete  turn, 
(/i)     After  some  practice  in  direction,  mark  time  and  turn  left 

or  right  about  on  a  given  count. 

NOTE  —Some  of  these  variations,  especially  c,  d  and  e,  can  be  used  in 
connection  with  teaching  number  by  counting  consecutively  to  16,  20,  24, 
etc.     Also,  teaching  the  groups  of  2,  3,  4,  5,  etc. 
Marching  from  place: 

Command :     Forward  | 

Backward  I— March!    Halt! 
Sideward   ) 

(a)  Forward— Marching  forward  a  certain  number  of  steps.  March  one 
step  forward;  three  steps  forward;  seven  steps  forward. 

NOTE —Remember  that  it  always  takes  one  count  more  than 
the  required  number  of  steps  to  complete  the  movement  ine  left 
foot  takes  the  first  step,  therefore  the  right  should  take  the  closing 
step. 

For  example:  Three  steps  forward— March !  Left— right- 
left,  and  close  with  right. 

(fr)  Backward— Mter  considerable  practice  the  marching  backward  may 
be  added  as  the  reverse  movement  for  the  forward  marching,  an< 
later,  alternate  one  with  the  other. 


—  16  — 

(c)  Sideivard — Sideward  marching  requires  two  counts  for  each  step. 
If  the  direction  is  to  the  left,  step  sideward  with  the  left  foot, 
bring  the  right  up  to  it  and  continue  to  the  given  number,  or  until 
the  command  "Halt !"  is  given. 

(cO  Alternate  marking  time  with  any  of  the  above;  also  with  clapping 
hands  and  with 'turning  to  the  left  or  right — 2  counts:  about  face — 
four  counts,  etc. 

(e)  Marching  around  the  roo///--T-lave  every  other  line  turn  to  the  rear. 

On  the  command,  Forward — March!  the  first  line  marches  across 
the  front  of  the  room,  the  second  line  marches  into  the  first  aisle, 
the  third  into  the  second,  and  so  on,  all  following  the  first  line, 
and  all  moving  at  once.  If  the  class  is  small  the  pupils  march 
around  all  the  desks,  forming  one  continuous  line,  but  if  too  large 
for  this  the  leader,  after  crossing  the  room,  passes  backward  in 
the  outside  aisle  along  the  wall,  forward  in  the  next  aisle,  back- 
ward in  next,  and  so  on,  till  the  first  place  is  reached.  As  all 
pupils  follow  the  leader,  all  should  arrive  at  their  seats  at  the 
same  time.  They  should  continue  to  march  by  marking  time  at 
their  seats  until  the  command.  Halt!  is  given,  when  they  should 
stop  by  taking  the  last  step  with  the  right  foot. 

The  command  to  halt  may  also  be  given  while  'the  class  is  in 
motion.  This  is  a  good  drill,  teaching  the  children  to  stop  in- 
stantly. On  the  command,  "March!"  every  pupil  in  the  class 
should  move  at  once. 

(f)  Running — In  the  lower  grades  any  of  the  foregoing  marching  exer- 

cises may  be  taken  in  double-quick  time — running.  The  time 
should  be  about  twice  as  fast  as  in  marching.  All  running  must 
be  on  the  toes.  Pupils  must  keep  time  and  keep  their  distance 
from  one  another. 

(g)  Skipping  or  Hippy-ty-hop — This  may  be  taken  instead  of  marching 

around  the  room.  It  is  like  running,  except  that  a  slight  hop 
follows  the  step  forward.  This  form  of  movement,  is  also  well 
adapted  to  a  flying  motion  when  playing  "Birds." 

(/?)  Double  or  Gallop  step — Step  forward  left,  bring  right  foot  up 
to  the  left  with  a  slight  hop,  and  continue  in  this  manner  a  given 
number  of  times — 4  or  8  times ;  then  change  the  right  foot  in  front. 

(i)  Gallop  sideward — Like  "h,"  but  the  movement  is  sideward.  The 
left  or  right  foot  steps  sideward,  the  other  is  brought  up  to  the 
former  with  a  slight  hop,  and  then  continue. 

(/)  Treble  or  Polka  step — Step  forward  left,  follow  with  the  right, 
placing  it  just  behind  the  left,  and  again  place  the  left  foot  for- 
ward; then  right  foot  forward,  left  behind  the  right  and  right 
foot  forward,  then  left  foot  forward  again,  and  so  on. 

This  step  is  also  used  to  change  when  "out  of  step;"  there- 
fore all  pupils  should  learn  it.  By  adding  a  slight  hopping  move- 
ment to  each  step,  which  should  not  be  attempted  until  the  move- 
ment is  well  learned,  we  have  not  only  a  graceful,  but  a  very 
efficient  exercise. 

NOTE. — Any  of  these  variations  may  be  alternated  with  any 
of  the  others ;  as,  for  instance :  March  eight  steps  forward,  then 
eight  double  steps,  or  eight  marching  steps  and  sixteen  light  run- 
ning steps,  etc. 


_      JIT     _ 

FACING. 

Facings  are  valuable  in  training  for  direction  ;  also  for  quickness  and 
promptness  of  response. 

From  the  first  days  of  scho61  the  pupils  should  receive  drill  in  right, 
left,  forward,  backward,  as  terms  relating  to  their  own  bodies,  and  not-  as 
relating  to  the  walls  of  the  room. 

In  the  two  lower  grades  the  term  "turning''  may  be  used  instead  of 
"facing."  In  the  subsequent  grades  the  command,  "Face  !"  should,  in- 
variably be  used.  Facing  may  be  done  by  simply  raising  the  whole  of 
one  foot  and  the  toes  of  the  other  foot  and  turning  on  the  heel  of  the 
latter.  Thus,  if  we  wish  to  turn  to  the  left,  we  do  so  on  the  left  heel  ; 
right,  on  the  right  heel.  This  method  is  preferable  for  small  children. 

For  older  pupils,  from  the  third  grade  up,  the  following  method  is 
recommended  : 

To  turn  to  the  left,  raise  the  sole  of  the  left  foot,  the  heel  of  the 
right,  and  with  a  slight  pressure  on  the  toes  of  the  latter  foot  turn  the 
body  toward  the  left,  then  replace  the  right  foot  beside  the  left.  To  the 
right  side,  the  movements  are  reversed.  This  requires  two  distinct  move- 
ments, and  the  teacher  will  do  well  to  count  "1,  2!"  for  each  facing.  Every 
facing  is  a  turning  around  the  long  axis  of  the  body.  If  the  command  be 
"left  face,"  the  turn  is  T4  of  a  circle  to  the  left  ;  "about  face,"  l/2  of  a 
circle,  or  a  turn  that  will  bring  the  front  of  the  pupil  where  the  back  was 
before  the  movement. 

The  commands  are  : 

Bight      (-*««"     04  tun,  ,o  the)    j  ^ 


In  the  lower  grades: 

To  the  !£t  I 

To  the  rear  —  Turn! 
Drill  on  direction  should  be  a  part  of  each  lesson. 

FOR  TEACHERS  OF  GERMAN. 

Teachers  who  prefer  to  use  the  German  language  in  the  gymnastic 
-<MI  will  find  in  the  following  list  all  the  commands  as  they  are  usually 
given   in   German.     For  ease  of  comparison   they  are  given  in  the   same 
order  as  on  pages  8  to  17,  inclusive. 

A.—  GRUNDSTELLUNG. 
Grundstellung  —  Steht  ! 
iBequemstellung  —  Steht  ! 

B.—  AUSGANGSSTELLUNGEN. 
(a)     Haende  auf  Hueften  —  stuetzt!     Arme  —  senkt! 

(&)     Haende  ruecklings-  |  J^®88*1 

Arme  —  Senkt  ! 

(c}     Arme  vorlings  —  kreuzt!     Arme  —  senkt! 
(rf)     Arme  ruecklings  —  kreuzt!     Arme  —  senkt! 
(  ,-  )     Haende  auf  Schultern  —  legt!     Arme  —  senkt! 
(/")     Arme  zum  Stoss  —  beugt!     Arme  —  senkt! 

V    Haende  hinter  den  Nacken—  V      Arme—  senkt: 


(/?)     Haende  vor  Schultern—  hebt  !     Arme—  senkt! 
('/)     Arme  nach  innen  —  beugt!     Arme  —  senkt! 


—  18  — 

(/)     Arme  zum  Schlagen  (ueber  Schultern)  —  hebt!     Arme  —  senkt! 
(&)     Haende  zum  Klappen  —  hebt!     Arme  —  senkt! 

(/)      Graetschstellung:  lm£®n      I  Fuss  seit-     C  waerts—  stellt! 

)         rueck-     \ 

Beine  schliessen  —  schliesst! 
(w)   Graetschstellung1:      Beide  Fuesse  seitwaerts  —  stellt! 

Beine  —  schliesst  ! 

C.—  UEBUNGEN. 
Kopf  :     (a)    Kopf  vor-       \ 

seit-       I  beugen  —  beugt  !     Kopf  —  hebt  ! 
rueck-  ) 
(b)    Kopf  Imks 


Rumpf  :     (  a  )  Ruinpf  vorwaerts  —  beugt  !     Ruinpf  —  streckt  ! 

Id)  Ruinpf  tief  —  beugt  !     Ruinpf  —  streckt  ! 

(c)  Rumpf  rueck  waerts  —  beugt  !     Rumpf  —  streckt  ! 

(d)  Rumpf  seitwaerts  -lmckstsj_beugt!     Rumpf  _  streckt! 

(e)  Rumpf  schraeg  vor  —  beugt!     Rumpf  —  streckt! 

If}   Rumpf  schraeg  rueckwaerts  —  beugt!     Rumpf  —  streckt! 
(g)    Rumpf  I 

Anne  :     (a)     Arme  vor 
seit 


schraeg  vorhoch 
schraeg  seithoch 
(Diag.  )     Links  schraeg,  seithoch,  rechts  schraeg,  seittief 

uud  umgekehrt. 
(b)     Arme  vor,  seit  u.  s.  w.  —  schwingt  ! 

(f)  Anne  vor-,  seithoch  u.  s  w.  —  schwingt  ! 

Arme  werdeu  gestreckt  von  den  Ausgangsstellungen  :  a—  e  — 
und  h.      Die  Rueckbewegung  ist  dementsprechend  zu 
befehlen. 
(d)     Arme  vor-      | 

hoch-   [  lessen  -stosst! 
tief-     J 
(e)  und  (f)  Arme  seitschlagen  (oder  werfen)  —  schlagt  ! 

Von  Ausgangsstellungen  e  —  i—  j.     Befeiil  fuer  die  Rueckbe- 
wegung  ist  dementsprechend. 

(g)  Armkreisen  vorwaerts       ] 

rueckwaerts   [        ,      •  ,  , 
nach  innen 
uach  ausseu 
Drehen  : 
(  h  )    Arm  drehen  —  dreht  ! 


"•'  wi'"ien:  Aus;;;n;i;;;i-wi»"et!o<ierhebt! 

Beine:     (a)     Zehenstand  links    \         ,  ,  ,  , 

rechts  [~ 

Zehenstand  —  steht ! 
Grundstellung  —  steht ! 

(b)  Knieebeugen  —  beugt !     Kniee  —  streckt  ! 

(c)  Beinheben  links    (   vor-       J 

rechts  \   seit-       > 


Bein  —  senkt ! 


—  19 

Knieheben 


(e)     Fersenhebenlmksj_hebt!     Bein_senkt, 

(/)    1.  Schrittstellung  vor- 
,eit- 
ruecK- 
Kreuzschrittstellung  vorlings      )  ,  ,  . 

1    ruecklingsf 
Beine  —  schliesst  ! 

(  /  )    2.  Siehe  Ausgangsstellungen  1  und  m. 
(/)    8.  Auslage  (schritt)  vor- 


Beine  —  schliesst  ! 
(/)    4.  Ansfall  vor- 


Beine  —  schliesst ! 
(g]     Kniebeugen  in  der  Graetschstellung  : 

Linkes  —  rechtes  Knie  —  beugt !  —  streckt ! 
( Beide)  Kniee  —  beugt !  —  streckt ! 

Der  Befehl  /.inn  I  'eben  ini  Takt  ist :    Im  Takt  —  uebt ! 
I  "in  die  Uebung  zu  beschliessen  gebe  man  den  Befehl — Halt ! 
und  /\var  auf  den  letzten  Takt  der  Uebung. 

Harschieren. 

GI-IUMI  am  Ort  —  Geht !  oder — Am  Ort  —  Marsch  ! 

Zum  Schluss  gebe  man  den  Befehl  —  Halt!   stets  auf  den 

Schritt. 

Seitwarrts        (  marsch  —  Halt ! 
Kucck \\acrts  ) 
(//)     Skipping       Hopsergang. 

(i)     Double  ot  Gallop  step  =  Galopp  huepfen  < 

(j)   Treble  or  Polka  steps      Schottisch   Gang.      Mit   Huepfen 
Schottisch  huepfen. 

Facings      D  re  h  u  nge  n . 


About— Face!  kehrt  —  urn  ! 


—  20  — 


BREATHING    KXKRCISES. 


Breathing  exercises  have  a  threefold  effect.  They  increase  the  lung 
capacity,  strengthen  the  organs  of  respiration,  and  moderate  the  rapid 
heart  action  consequent  to  vigorous  exercise. 

The  breathing  exercise  should  consist  of  a  long,  deep  inhalation. 
thoroughly  expanding  the  chest  and  filling  all  parts  of  the  lungs.  It  is 
especially  desirable  that  the  apexes  be  inflated,  by  forcing  the  air  to 
the  upper  part  of  the  lungs.  The  exhalation  should  be  somewhat  forced, 
so  as  to  expel  as  much  of  the  residual  air  as  possible. 

Both  the  time  of  inhaling  and  exhaling  should  be  lengthened  with 
the  increasing  age  of  the  pupils;  also  the  number  of  repetitions.  Care 
must  be  taken  not  to  overdo  either.  For  smaller  pupils,  count  six  or 
eight  while  inhaling,  two  to  four  to  hold  the  breath,  and  four  to  six  while 
exhaling.  Older  pupils  may  be  required  to  count  as  high  as  12  for  in- 
haling, 4  or  6  to  hold  the  breath,  and  8  to  exhale.  Do  not  hold  the 
breath  too  long.  The  counting  should  be  in  the  same  time  as  for  exercises. 

Arm  movements  which  act  on  the  muscles  of  respiration  may  be 
added  to  the  breathing,  as  they  greatly  enhance  the  effect. 

In  connection  with  the  reading  lessons,  breathing  exercises  with  vocal- 
ization will  be  found  useful. 


EXPLANATION  OF  TERMS  AND  ABBREVIATIONS. 


ABBREVIATIONS. 

FORVV. — Forward;  toward  the  front. 

SIDEW. — Sideward ;  toward  the  side  or  sides. 

BACKW.— Backward ;  toward  the  rear. 

UPW. — Upward ;  in  the  direction  above  the  head. 

DOWN. — Downward ;  toward  the  floor. 

INW. — Inward;  toward  the  middle  line  of  the  body. 

Pos. — Position;  to  stand  in  the  fundamental  position. 

STRTG.  Pos. — Starting  position;  the  position  other  than  the  fundamental 
position,  taken  for  the  execution  of  a  certain  exercise. 

RET.  TO  Pos. — Return  to  position ;  reverse  the  order  of  movements  so  that 
there  is  a  return  to  the  position  from  which  the  exercise  started. 

OBL. — Obliquely ;  midway  between  any  of  the  straight  lines. 

DIAG. — Diagonally;  when  one  arm  is  extended  obi.  upw.,  the  other  obi. 
dpwnw.,  in  the  opposite  direction.  When  left  arm  is  up,  it  is  "left 
diagonal,"  the  onoosite  "right  diagonal."  When  used  in  connection 
with  a  leg  exe/cise  the  downw.  arm  is  parallel  with  the  straight  leg. 


—  21  — 


ROUTINE  FOR  BEGINNING  AND  CLOSING  THE 
LESSON. 


(a)  Ventilate ! 

(b)  Command:     Prepare  for  exercises! 

Pupils  arrange  their  desks,  remove  superfluous  clothing,  and  sit  erect, 
hands  on  desks. 

(c)  Command:     On  the  right  (left)  side— Stand! 

Pupils  place  the  corresponding  foot  in  the  aisle  and  rise,  assuming 
immediately  a  correct  standing  position. 

(rf)  Where  seats  can  be  turned  up — Command:  Raise  seats — 1!  Pupils 
bend  forward  and  take  hold  of  seats;  2!— Straighten  up  and  lift 
the  seats;  3! — Grasp  hands  behind. 

O)     Command:     For  marching — About — Pace! 

Pupils  in  alternate  aisles  face  to  the  rear,  turning  right  about. 
(Instead  of  the  alternate  files,  the  outside  files  may  all  turn 
to  the  rear,  leaving  only  the  two  middle  files  facing  forward.) 

(/)     Command:     To  your  places— March! 

The  pupils  will  march  around  the  various  sections  of  seats  to  places 
previously  assigned  to  them.  They  should  be  so  arranged  that 
boys  stand  in  one  aisle  and  girls  in  another,  or  if  preferable, 
boys  on  one  side  of  the  room  and  gifls  on  the  other;  the  smaller 
pupils  should  be  in  front,  the  taller  behind.  As  the  pupils  get 
to  the  places  assigned  to  them,  they  step  between  the  desks,  if 
the  seats  are  turned  up,  or  with  their  backs  to  the  seats,  if  the 
latter  are  stationary. 

(g)     Command:     In  the  aisle— Stand! 

The  pupils  step  into  the  aisles,  facing  the  teacher  ready  for  exercises. 
After  the  lesson — Command:     For  marching — About — Face!     Same 
as  (d)  above. 

Command:  To  your  seats — March!  Same  as  (e)  above,  except 
that  the  pupils  go  to  their  regular  seats.  If  the  seats  are  sta- 
tionary the  pupils  sit  down  immediately. 

Command:     Into  the  aisle— Step!     Same  as  (/")  above. 
Command:     Seats  lower — 1!     Pupils  take  hold  of  seats;  2!.     Pupils 
bend  forward,  pushing  down  the  seat;  3!  Pupils  stand  erect. 

Command:  Sit!  Pupils  t)lace  the  corresponding  foot  under  the 
desk,  and  sit  as  before  the  lesson. 


FIRST  GRADE— FIRST  HALF. 

Pupils  of  this  grade  will  stand  beside  their  seats,  changing  only  when 
absolutely  necessary. 

The  exercises  in  the  first  five  lessons  are  to  be  given  by  command, 
without  counting.  The  simple  exercises  may  be  executed  in  rhythmic  suc- 
cession, but  every  movement  should  be  designated  by  the  term  which 
stands  for  it;  as,  Raise!  Lower!  Bend!  Stretch!  etc.,  instead  of  one! 
two! 

Show  each  exercise,  but  do  not  neglect  to  give  each  exercise  its  cor- 
rect name. 

LESSON  I. 

1.  Show  pupils  how  to  stand  correctly. 

NOTE. — Frequently,  during  the  lessons,  refer  to  correct  position. 
Hands  for  clapping — Raise! 

2.  Clap  hands  (several  times). 
Hands — Down! 

Arms  forward — Raise! 

3.  Shake  hands!     (The  movement  is  only  at  the  wrist.) 
Arms— Lower ! 

Arms  sidew. — Raise! 

4.  Shake  hands,  as  in  3. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

NOTE. — Teach  this  position  correctly,  and  see  that  it  is  maintained 
throughout. 

5.  Trunk  forward — Bend!  Straighten!   (several  times). 

NOTE. — At  first  bend  but  slightly,  then  gradually  increase  the  bend- 
ing in  subsequent  lessons. 

6.  Knees — Bend!  Straighten!   (several  times). 

NOTE. — Pupils  of  this  grade  should  be  taught  to  bend  to  a  right 
angle  only.  It  is  not  necessary  to  raise  the  heels,  but  the  body 
must  remain  erect. 

Hands — Down ! 

Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

7.  Mark  time— March!     Halt! 

8.  Breathing  exercise. 

LESSON  II. 

1.  Left  arm  sidew.— Raise!     The  left  hand— Shake! 
Raise  right  and  lower  left  arm — Shake  right  hand ! 
Change  several  times. 

Arm — Lower ! 

2.  Arms  forw. — Raise!    Clap!    Lower!    (6-8  times). 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Shoulders — Raise!    Lower!    (6-8  times). 

4.  Trunk  forw. — Bend!     Straighten     (4-6  times). 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

5.  Heels — Raise!     Lower!     (6-8  times). 

6.  Knees — Bend!     Straighten!    (4-6  times). 
Hands  for  clapping — Raise! 

7.  Mark  time  and  clap  hands — March  !     Halt ! 

8.  Breathing  exercise. 

LESSON  III. 

1.     Arms    forw.— Raise!     Close    and    open    hands  -(".I.  --e!      Open! 
12  times).     Arms — Lower  ! 

2.  Arms  forw. — Raise!     Lower!     (8-10  times). 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Head  to  the  left— Turn !     Front!     (6-8  times). 

4.  Same  to  the  right. 


—  28  — 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Trunk   forw. — Bend!      Straighten!     (4-6  times). 

G.     Trunk  sidew.  to  the  left— Bend !    Straighten!    (4-6  times). 
7.     Same  to  the  right. 

Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

Heels — Raise!    Lower!    (6-8  times). 

Knees — Bend!    Straighten!   (4-6  times). 

Mark  time,  and  clap  hands  on  every  other  count  (1-3-5,  etc.)  March! 

Halt! 

XOTE. — Breathing  exercises  are  to  be  a  part  of  every  lesson,  although 
no  mention  is  made  of  it  in  subsequent  lessons. 

LESSON  IV. 

1.  Arms  outw. — Raise!  Close  and  open  hands.  While  pupils  are  do- 
ing the  exercise,  have  them  raise  arms  upw.,  then  lower  forw., 
and  finally  lower  to  the  side  before  giving  the  command  to  stop. 

:.'.  Arms  in  front — Fold!  Behind — Fold!  (Repeat  several  times,  stop- 
ping with  the  arms  folded  behind.) 

3.  Head  forw. — Lower!     Raise!     (4-6  times). 

4.  Head  backw. — Lower!     Raise!     (4-6  times). 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

'>.     Trunk    forw. — Bend!      Straighten!     (4-6   times). 

6.  Trunk  sidew. — Bend!     Straiehten !   (several  times  to  the  left,  then  to 

the  right). 

7.  Feet — Close!     (bring    feet    together);     Open!     (turn    feet    outward), 

(8-10  times).  \ 

8.  Knees — Bend!     Straighten!     (4-6  times). 

9.  Mark  time  and  clap  on  the  first  of  four  counts — March ! 

NOTE. — In    the    subsequent    lessons    directions    for    repetitions    are 
omitted. 

LESSON  V. 

1.  Arms  outward — Raise!     Lower! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

2.  Stretch  arms  downw. — Stretch  !     On  hips — Place  ! 

3.  Arms  forw. — Fold  !     Backw. — Fold  ! 
Arms — Lower! 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

4.  Trunk  backw. — Bend  !     Straighten  ! 

i  Make  a  distinct  pause  after  each  movement;  show  the  exercise  re- 
peatedly.) 

5.  Trunk  forw. — Bend  !     Straighten  ! 

G.     Trunk   sidew. — left — Bend  !     Straighten. 

7.     Same,  right. 

S.     Left  heel— Raise!     Lower! 

Same,   right.     After   some  practice:     Raise  left  heel,   lower  left  and 

raise  right  at  same  time,  and  continue. 

Com. :     Left  heel — Raise  !     Lower  left  and  raise  right — Change !    Con- 
tinue—Left!    Right!     Left!— Right!  etc. 
'.'.     Mark  time  and  clap  hands  on  the  first  of  eight  counts. 

LESSON  VI.  . 

1.  Arms    forw.,    upw. — Raise !      Close    and    open    hands !     Lower    sidew. 

and  continue  hand  exercise !     Lower  to  side  and  stop. 

2.  Arms  forw.  upw. — Raise  !     Lower  forw.  down  !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

::.     Head  sidew.   left— Lower  !     Raise!     Begin— 1-2  ! 
4.     Same,  right! 


—  24  — 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Trunk    forw.—  Bend !     Straighten!     Begin— I-:,'! 

6.  Trunk  backvv.— Bend!     Straighten! 

7.  Trunk  to  the  left— Turn  !     Front!     Begin— 1-2  ! 

8.  Same,  right!     Begin— 1-2 ! 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

9.  Feet— Close!     Open!     Begin— 1-2 ! 

10.  Knees— Bend!     Straighten!     Begin— 1-2 ! 

11.  Mark  time  and  clap  on  every  left  step — March!     Halt! 

NOTE.— Pupils  should  now  begin  to  keep  step,  so  that  the  clapping 
will  be  simultaneous  with  the  movement  of  the  left  foot. 

LESSON  VII. 

1.  To  the  left— Turn!     To  the  front— Turn ! 
To  the  right— Turn!     To  the  front— Turn  ! 

2.  Arms  sidew.  upw. — Raise     Arms — Lower!     Begin — 1-2! 

NOTE.— Clapping  hands  will  facilitate  the  teaching  of  this  exercise. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Head  forw. — Lower!     Raise!     Begin — 1-2! 

4.  Head  backw. — Lower  !     Raise  !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Arms  forw. — Fold! 

5.  Trunk   forw. — Bend!     Straighten!     Begin — J  -:.' ! 
Arms  backw. — Fold! 

6.  Trunk  backw.— Bend  !     Straighten!     Begin— 1-2  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

7.  Trunk  to  the  left — Turn  !     Front !     Begin — 1-2  ! 

8.  Same,  right!     Begin— 1-2 ! 

NOTE. — Explain  difference  between  turning  as  in  1,  and  turning  the 
body  only. 

9.  Raise    left    heel— 1 !      Lower    left    and    raise    right— 2!     Begin— left! 

right !  or  1-2  ! 

10.     Mark  time  and  clan  four  counts,  then  four  counts  without  clapping — 
March!     Halt! 

LESSON  VIII. 

Preliminary  to  the  lesson  repeat  facing  of  the  foregoing  lesson. 

1.  Hands  on  hips — Place  !     Down !     Begin — 1-2 ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

2.  Stretch    arms    forw.    and    clap    hands — Clap !     On    hips — Place !     Be- 

gin—1-2  ! 

3.  Head  to  the  left— Turn  !     Front !     Begin— 1-2  ! 

4.  Same,  right !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Arms  backw. — Fold! 

5.  Trunk  backw.— Bend!     Straighten! 
Arms  forw. — Fold! 

6.  Trunk  forw. — Bend!     Straighten!     Begin — 1-2! 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

7.  Heels — Raise  !     Lower  !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

8.  Trunk  sidew.  left— Bend !     Straighten!     Begin  1-2! 

9.  Same,  right!     Begin — 1-2! 

10.  Knees — Bend!     Straighten!     Begin — J-2! 

11.  Mark  time,  and  clap  hands  on  first  of  eight  counts. 

LESSON  IX. 

Repeat  facings  of  Lesson  VII. 
1.     Hands  on  shoulders — Place!     Down!     Begin — 1-2! 


—  25  — 

Arms  sidew. — Raise! 

2.  Hands  under  shoulders — Place  !     Sidew. — Stretch  !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Head  sidew.  left — Lower  !     Raise  !     Begin — 1-2  ! 

4.  Same,  right!     Begin — 1-2! 
Arms  forw. — Fold! 

5.  Trunk  backw. — Bend  !     Straighten  ! 

6.  Same,  forw. !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Arms  forw. — Fold! 

7.  Trunk  to  the  left — Turn  !     Front !     Begin — 1-2  ! 

8.  Same,  to  the  right !     Begin — 1-2  ! 

9.  Raise  left  heel !     Begin— 1-2  ! 

10.  Same,  right!     Begin — 1-2! 

11.  Heels — Raise  !     Lower !     Begin — 1-2  ! 

12.  Mark  time,  and  turn  to  the  left  on  the  first  of  four  counts.     Repeat 

four  times,  or  until  pupils  are  facing  front. 

LESSON  X. 
Drill  on  facings. 
1.     Raise  left  arm   forw.   upw. — 1 !     Lower  left  and  raise  right  arm — 2 ! 

Change  !     Change  !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Arm — Lower! 

:.'.     Anns  inw. — Bend!     Lower!     Begin  1-2! 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Lower  head  forw. — 1 !     Raise — 2  !     Begin — 1-2  ! 

4.  Same,  backw. !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Trunk  backw. — Bend  !     Straighten  ! 

6.  Same,  forw. !     Begin — 1-2  ! 

7.  Same,  sidew.,  left !     Begin— 1-2  ! 

8.  Same,  right!     Begin— 1-2 ! 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

9.  Bend  knees— 1 !     Straighten— 2  !     Begin— 1-2  ! 

10.     Mark  time,  and  turn  to  the  right  on  the  last  of  four  counts.     Repeat 
as  in  Lesson  IX. 


FIRST  GRADE— SECOND  HALF. 

SECOND  GRADE— FIRST  HALF. 

LESSON  XI. 

1.  To  the  left— Turn!     Left— Turn  !     Left— Turn  !     Left— Turn  ! 

2.  Raise  arms  forw.  and  clap — l!     Lower — 2!     Begin — 1-2! 

3.  Raise  arms  sidew. — 1 !     Lower — 2  !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

4.  Turn  head  left— 1 !     Front— 2  !     Begin— 1-2 ! 

5.  Same,  right !     Begin — 1-2  ! 
Arms  backw. — Fold! 

6.  Bend  trunk  backw. — 1 !     Straighten — 2  !     Begin — 1-2 ! 
Arms  forw. — Fold! 

7.  Bend   trunk   forw.— 1 !     Straighten— 2  !     Begin— 1-2  ! 

8.  Raise  left  heel— 1 !     Lower  left  and  raise  right— 2 !     Alternate!     Be- 

gin—1-2  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

9.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left — 1 !     Straighten — 2  !     Begin — 1-2 ! 

10.  Same,  right!     Begin— 1-2 ! 

11.  Bend  knees— 1 !     Straighten— 2  !     Begin— 1-2  ! 


—  26  — 

12.     Mark  time,  ami  clap  hands  on  the  first,  third,  fifth,  sixth  and  seventh 
of  eight  counts.     (Drum  beat.) 

NOTE. — In  the  following  lessons,  the  return  movements  the  command 
to  "Begin  "  and  the  counts  are  omitted,  it  being  presumed  that  the  teach- 
ers will  have  acquired  the  habit  of  giving  the  commands  properly. 
Only  the  first  movement  of  an  exercise  will  he  given,  the  return  movement 
being  always  understood. 

LESSON  XI  I. 

1.  Facings  as  in  Lesson  XI,  but  to  the  right. 

2.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw. 
Arms  inw. — Bend! 

3.  Throw  arms  outw. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

4.  Lower  head  backw. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Bend  trunk  backw. 

6.  Same,  forw. 

7.  Bend  knees. 

Arms  backw. — Fold! 

8.  Turn  trunk  to  the  left. 

9.  Same,  right ! 

10.  Raise  left  leg  forw. 

11.  Same,  right. 

12.  Mark  time  as  in  Lesson  XL 

NOTE. — In  the  subsequent  lessons  facings  are  not  mentioned,  but 
teachers  will  drill  on  those  already  given.  The  second  grade  will  take  in 
additon  :  To  the  rear — Right  about — Turn  !  Left  about — Turn  ! 

LESSON  XIII. 

1.  Raise  arms  outw. 

Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

2.  Stretch  arms  upw. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Lower  head  forw. 

4.  Bend  trunk  backw. 

5.  Same,  forw. 

Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

6.  Raise  left  leg  forw. 

7.  Same,  right. 

Arms  backw. — Fold! 

8.  Bend  trunk  sidew. — left. 

9.  Same,  right. 

10.  Raise  left  and  right  heels  alternately. 

11.  Skip  around  the  room.     First  lire  begin — Skip ! 

LESSON  XIV. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw. 
Arms  outw. — liaise! 

2.  Move  arms  up  and  down  (Flying  movement).     Count  rapidly. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Lower  head  to  the  left. 

4.  Same,  right. 

Arms  backw. — Fold! 
.">.     Bend  trunk  backw. 


—  27  — 

Arms  forw. — Fold! 

6.  Bend  trunk  forw. 

7.  Raise  heels. 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

8.  Turn  trunk  to  the  left. 

9.  Same,  right. 

10.  Raise  left  knee  forw. 

11.  Same,  right. 

12.  Skip  as  in  Lesson  XIII,  but  with  swinging  arms  as  in  second  exercise 

of  this  lesson. 

LESSON  XV. 

1.  Raise  arms  sidew.  upw.  and  clap  hands  overh. 
Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

2.  Throw  arms  sidew. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Turn  head  to  the  left. 

4.  Same,  right. 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Bend  trunk  backw. 
f>.     Same,  forw. 

7.  Raise  left  knee  forw. 

8.  Same,  right. 

Arms  backw. — Fold! 

9.  Bend  trunk  sidew. — left. 

10.  Same,  right. 

11.  Raise  left  leg  sidew. 

12.  Same,  right. 

13.  Mark  time,   and   face  to  the  left  on   the   first  of  every   four  counts. 

After  some  practice,  clap  hands  while  facing  to  the  sides. 

LESSON  XVI. 
I.     Raise  arms  forw. 
kaise  arms  outw. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Lower  head  forw. 

4.  Turn  trunk  to  the  left. 

5.  Same,  right. 
Arms  upw. — Bend! 

6.  Stretch  arms  upw.     After  some  practice  add  raising  heels. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

7.  Bend  trunk  backw. 

5.  Same,  forw. 
Hands — Down! 

0.  Raise  left  knee  and  left  arm  forw. 

10.  Same,  right. 

11.  March  as  in  Lesson  XV,  but  turn  to  the  right  en  fourth  count. 

LESSON  XVII. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw. 

:J.     Raise  arms  sidew.  upw.  and  clap  hands  c  verh. 

H"i:ds  backw. — Grasp! 
•  •wer  head  backw. 

-end  trunk  forw. 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 
f>.  Bend  trunk  backw. 

6.  Bend  knees  and  clap  hands. 


—  28  — 

Arms  backw. — Fold! 

7.  Bend  trunk  sidew. — left. 

8.  Same,  right. 

Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

9.  Raise  left  heel  and  stretch  left  arm  upw. 
'lO.     Same,  right. 

11.  Alternate,  right  going  up  when  left  is  lowered. 
Hands — Down! 

12.  March  three   steps   forw.    (4   counts).     Com.:    Bight  about— Turn! 

Repeat. 

LESSON  XVIII. 

1.  Hands  on  shoulders!  (as  an  exercise). 

2.  Raise  shoulders  and  place  hands  under  same. 
Arms  backw. — Fold! 

3.  Lower  head  backw. 

4.  Bend  trunk  backw. 
Arms  forw. — Fold! 

5.  Bend  trunk  forw. 
Arms — Down! 

6.  Bend  knees  and  raise  arms  forw. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

7.  Turn  trunk  to  the  left. 

8.  Same,  right. 

9.  Raise  left  leg  forw.,  and  (after  some  practice)  raise  arms  forw. 

10.  Same,  right. 

11.  Mark  time  4  steps,  then  march  forw.  as  in  Lesson  XVII,  stopping  on 

the  eighth  count. 

LESSON  XIX. 

Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

1.  Stretch  arms  upw. 
Hands — Down ! 

2.  Raise  arms  sidew. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Lower  head  sidew. — left. 

4.  Same,  right. 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Bend  trunk  backw. 

6.  Same,  forw. 

Raise  heels  and  the  arms  sidew. — Raise! 

7.  Swing  arms  up  and  down  and  move  heels  up  and  down.     (Heels  are 

not  to  touch  the  floor.) 
In  position — Stand! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

8.  Bend  trunk  sidew. — left. 

9.  Same,  right. 
Hands — Down ! 

10.  Bend  knees  and  raise  arms  forw. 

11.  Repeat  marching  exercise  in  Lesson  XVIII,  but  take  four  steps  for 

the  turning  and  stop  on  12. 

LESSON  XX. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw. 

2.  Raise  arms  sidew.  upw. 
Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

3.  Turn  head  to  the  left  and  throw  the  left  hand  sidew. 

4.  Same,  right. 


—  29  — 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Bend  trunk  forw.  y 

6.  Same,  backw. 
Arms  inw. — Bend! 

7.  Bend  knees  and  thrcm  arms  sidew. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

8.  Turn  trunk  to  the  left. 

9.  Same,  to  the  right. 

U      Sa^e/r'ight^8^^    }  After  some  practice  add  :     Raise  arms  sidew. 
I'.1      March  as  in  the  foregoing  lesson,  but  make  the  exercise  continuous 
until  pupils  are  in  their  original  places.     24  counts  in  all. 

SECOND  GRADE— SECOND  HALF. 

XMTE. — In  the  following  ten  lessons  the  exercises  are  chiefly  in  four 
counts.  It  will  be  well  to  give  the  command  for  each  movement  separately, 
although  in  Lessons  XXII  to  XXX,  inclusive,  these  commands  are  omitted. 

LESSON  XXI. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw. — l!     Lower — 2!     Raise  arms  sidew. — 3!    Lower — 4! 

Begin— 1-2-3-4 ! 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

2.  Turn  head  to  the  left— 1 !     Front— 2 !     To  the  right— 3  !     Front— 4 ! 

Begin — 1-2-15-4  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  forw. — 1 !    Straighten — 2 !    Bend  backw. — 3  !    Straighten — 4 ! 

Begin — 1-2-3-4 ! 
Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

4.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1 !    Hands  on  shoulders  and  lower 

heels— 2  !     Begin— 1-2  ! 
Hands  on  hips— Place! 

5.  Bend   trunk   sidew.    left— 1 !      Straighten— 2 !     Bend  to   the   right— 3 ! 

Straighten— 4  !     Begin— 1-2-3-4 ! 

6.  Raise    left   knee — 1 !      Lower — 2  !      Raise    right   knee — 3  !      Lower — 4  ! 

Begin— 1-2-3-4 ! 
Hands — Down! 

7.  Same,  with  raising  arms  forw.     Begin — 1-2-3-4  ! 

8.  Repeat  marching  exercise  of  Lesson  XX,  but  clap  hands  four  times 

while  marking  time. 

LESSON  XXII. 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

1.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew. 

2.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  downw. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Lower  head  forw.  and  backw. 
Arms  forw. — Fold! 

4.  Bend  trunk  forw.  and  backw. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

:..  Raise  heels  and  bend  knees.     (Alternate.) 

6.  Turn  trunk  to  the  left  and  right. 

7.  Raise  left  and  right  leg  forw. 

8.  Same,  but  also  raise  arms  forw. 

9.  March  around  the  room  and  clap  on  the  1st,  3d,  5th,  6th  and  7th  of 

counts.    (Drum  beat.) 


—  30  — 

LESSON  XXIII. 

1.  Rais<>  arms  for\v.  upw.  and  sidew.  upw. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

2.  Lower  head  sidew.  left  and  right. 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 
Arms  sidew. — Raise! 

4.  Bend  and  straighten  knees  and  swing  arms  downw.  and  upw.     Bend 

knees  but  slightly. 
NOTE.— Count  quickly  1-2,  or  down,   up,  etc.     The  arms  move  the 

same  as  in  the  flying  movement. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 

6.  Raise  left  and  right  leg  sidew. 

7.  Same,  but  also  raise  arms  sidew. 

8.  Four  double-steps  forw.,  left  foot  leading,  about  face  and  repeat.     Re- 

peat with  right  foot  leading. 

LESSON  XXIV. 

1.  Raise  arms  <>ut\v.  and  circle  arms  backw. 
Arms  inw. — Bend! 

2.  Throw  left  and  right  arm  sidew. 

3.  Same,  and  turn  head  left  and  right. 
Arms  backw. — Fold! 

4.  Bend  trunk  forw.  and  backw. 

5.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down! 

6.  Raise  left  arm  forw.  upw.  and  raise  left  heel;  same,  right.     (Alternate 

in  4  counts.) 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

7.  Raise  left  and  right  leg  backw. 

8.  Four  double  steps  forw.  left,  then  four  right.     About  face,  and  repeat. 

LESSON  XXV. 

1.  Raise  left  arm  sidew.  upw.   (curved),  right  forearm  across  the  back; 

same  reversed.     Alternate,  in  four  counts.     Also  in  two  courts. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

2.  Lower  head  sidew.  left  and  raise  left  shoulder ;  same,  right ;  alternate. 

3.  Turn  trunk  left  and  right  and  clap  hands  in  front  of  chest.      (Arms 

are  not  to  be  straight.) 
Hands — Do  wn ! 

4.  Bend  knees  and  raise  arms  sidew.  upw.  to  circle  overhead. 
Arms  forw. — Fold! 

5.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

6.  Touchstep  sidew.  left.     Same,  right.     Alternate. 

7.  Raise  heels  and  the  arms  forw.  upw. 

8.  March  four  steps  forw.  and  backw. 

LESSON  XXVI. 

Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

1.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  sidew. 

2.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew.    . 
Hands — Do  wn ! 

3.  Turn  head  to  the  left  and  right,  and  point  in  the  direction  indicated. 


—  31  — 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

4.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 

5.  Raise  left  and  right  foot  backw. 
Arms  backw. — Fold! 

6.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 

7.  Raise  left  and  right  foot  backw.  and  the  arms  forw. 

8.  Odd  numbered  rows  march  four  steps  forw.  and  backw.,  the  even  rows 

backw.  and  forw.     Also  reverse. 

LESSON  XXVII. 
Arms  upw. — Bend! 

1.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  forw. 

2.  Stretch  arms  sidew.  and  turn  head  left  and  right. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Lower  head  forw.  and  backw. 
Arms  forw. — Fold! 

4.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Raise  heels  and  bend  knees.     (Alternate.) 

6.  Turn  trunk  left  and  right  and  clap  hands.     (Arms  extended  forw.) 
Arms  upw. — Bend! 

7.  Raise  heels  and  bend  knees,  and  stretch  arms  upw.  and  outw. 

v  March  as  in  Lesson  XXVI,  but  without  stopping  on  the  eighth  count, 
*'.  e.,  odd  numbers  four  steps  forw.,  eight  backw.,  eight  forw.,  etc. 
Tlu-  even  numbers  in  the  opposite  direction. 

LESSON  XXVJII. 

1.  Rai-e   arms   forw. — 1;   upw. — 2;   lower   forw. — 3;   down — 4.     (Succes- 

-ive.) 

2.  Lower   head  to  the  left  and  raise   right  arm  sidew.  upw.    (curved)  ; 

same  opposite.     (Alternate.) 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

:;.     Bend  trunk  backw.  and  downw.,  touching  toes  on  third  count. 
I.      Raise  heels,  bend  knees,   straighten  knees,  and  lower  heels.      (Succes- 

>ive.) 

Arms  backw. — Fold! 
I'.end  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 

6.  Tonclisu-p  forw.  left  and  right. 

7.  March  as  in   Lesson  XXVII,  but  in  the  forw.  movement;  use  double 

>tep. 

LESSON  XXIX. 

1.  Raise  arm>  forw.:  >\\  in.u  outw.,  forw.,  and  lower. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

2.  Lower  head  forw.  and  backw. 
.:.      T.end  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

4.  Raise  left  and  right  knee  forw. 

5.  Turn  trunk  to  the  left  and  right  and  stretch  arms  forw. 
fi.     Touchstep  sidew.  left  and  right. 

7.     Touchstep  forw.  left  and  right,  and  stretch  arms  forw. 
Any  of  the  foregoing  marching  exercises. 

LESSON  XXX. 

1.  Raise  arms  sidew. — 1;  upw. — 2;  lower  sidew. — 3;  down — 4.     (Succes- 

sive.) 

2.  Lower  head  backw.  and  raise  arms  sidew.  upw.  to  a  circle  overhead. 


—  32  — 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  downw.,  touching  toes  on  third  count. 

4.  Raise  left  and  right  foot  backw. 

5.  Same,  and  stretch  arms  forvv. 
Arms  backw. — Fold! 

0.     Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

7.  Touchstep  backw.  left  and  right. 

8.  Any  of  the  foregoing  marching  exercises. 


SCHOOL-ROOM  GAMES. 


These  games  were  compiled  by  the  late  Miss  Adelaide  Spills,  Assistant  in 

the  Physical  Training  Department. 

BEAN-BAG  OR  PAPER-BALL. 

1. 

Each  child  has  a  bean-bag  in  the  left  or  right  hand.  At  a  signal  each 
begins  to  toss  his  bag  upward,  catching  it  with  the  same  hand,  continuing 
until  signal  to  stop. 

Later  they  may  toss  in  time  to  the  counting  of  the  teacher. 

2. 

Several  bags  are  thrown  at  random  by  the  teacher ;  those  who  catch 
the  bags  return  them,  and  the  game  continues. 

3. 

The  above  may  be  played  by  having  those  who  catch  the  bags  form 
a  line  in  front,  and  each  in  order  throwing  his  bag  at  random;  then  the 
next  group;  this  continues. 

4. 

The  teacher  throws  one  bag,  at  the  same  time  calling  the  name  01  a 
child,  who  stands  quickly,  tries  to  catch  it,  and  returns  it  to  her. 

Later,  if  he  is  successful  in  catching,  he  may  come  to  the  front  and  call 
the  name  of  one  of  his  classmates,  and  toss.  When  the  bag  is  not  caught, 
it  is  returned  to  the  teacher. 

5. 

Each  child  in  the  first  section  has  a  bag.  -At  a  signal  he  hands  it  to 
the  one  in  the  second  section,  he  to  the  next,  and  so  on,  until  it  has  reached 
the  last  section,  when  it  is  returned  in  the  same  manner  to  the  first.  The 
row  getting  it  to  the  first  section  first,  wins. 

In  all  games  of  passing  the  bag  or  ball,  both  hands  must  be  used. 

6. 

The  same  game  may  be  played  by  having  the  bags  started,  one  from 
each  front  desk  and  passed  backward,  by  having  the  class  face  the  aisle 
and  pass  sideward,  or  remain  facing  front  and  pass  overhead,  with  both 
hands. 

7. 

With  the  class  facing  front  and  a  bag  on  each  front  desk,  at  a  signal  the 
bags  are  passed  back.  When  the  last  child  in  each  section  gets  it.  he  mns 
forward,  places  it  on  the  front  desk,  and  returns  to  his  seat. 

That  section  of  which  the  last  child  gets  back  first,  wins. 


—  33  — 


The  first  child  in  each  section,  with  the  bag  in  the  left  hand,  stands  in 
the  right  aisle,  facing  the  rear  wall.  At  signal  they  run  back,  touch  the 
wall,  return  down  the  same  aisle,  giving  the  bag  to  the  second,  who  starts 
off  quickly,  and  gives  it  to  the  third,  etc.  When  the  last  one  gets  it,  he 
touches  the  wall  and  runs  to  the  front,  giving  it  to  the  first. 

Since  each  section  is  playing  independently,  the  line  getting  the  bag  to 
the  front  desk  first,  wins. 

9. 

There  are  as  many  bags  on  each  front  desk  as  there  are  desks  in  the 
section.  The  first  child  in  each  section  stands.  At  signal  to  begin,  they 
place  one  bag  on  each  desk,  taking  only  one  at  a  time.  The  first  one 
through,  is  winner. 

Number  two  of  each  section  stands.  At  signal,  they  begin  to  collect 
the  bags,  going  to  the  last  desk  first  and  bringing  that  bag  to  the  first 
desk,  thus  only  one  at  a  time. 

Number  three  distributes  them,  and  so  on. 

10. 

A  basket  or  bucket  is  placed  on  the  front  floor,  or  a  circle,  about  two 
feet  in  diameter,  may  be  drawn  on  the  floor.  Each  child  has  a  bean-bag,  and 
in  turn,  standing  at  a  specified  distance  from  the  circle,  tries  to  throw  his 
bag  into  it.  After  all  have  finished,  each  will  be  interested  to  know  where 
his  bag  is. 

11. 

A  hoop  is  suspended  from  the  ceiling  or  the  frame  of  the  ante-room 
door  at  a  convenient  height.  Each  in  turn,  passes  to  a  place  marked  by  the 
teacher  and  tries  to  throw  the  bag  through  the  hoop.  A  boy  stands  on  the 
other  side  <>f  the  hoop  to  catch  the  bag  and  toss  it  to  the  one  next  in  turn. 

Tn  this  and  the  preceding  game,  as  the  throwing  becomes  more  accu- 
rate, the  distance  is  increased,  and  both  the  left  and  right  hands  are  to 
be  used. 

12. 

The  class  is  arranged  in  a  circle  around  the  room ;  each  child  has  a 
bag.  The  teacher  decides  upon  the  number  of  times  the  bag  is  to  be  tossed 
upward,  by  the  left  or  right  hand,  and  at  signal  each  begins  to  toss.  The 
one  finishing  first  without  having  dropped  the  bag,  wins. 

13. 

A  number  of  bags  are  placed  on  the  front  desk  of  each  section.  The 
first  child  in  the  section  stands,  and  at  the  signal,  places  one  bag  on  the 
last  desk  in  its  row,  returns  for  the  next  and  carries  it  to  the  same  desk, 
and  so  on,  until  all  the  bags  are  on  the  last  desk;  then  the  child  returns  to 
his  own  place.  The  first  through,  is  winner. 

The  second  one  starts  from  the  last  desk  and  carries  the  bags  to  the 
first.  Continue  until  all  have  had  a  turn. 

RUNNING  AND  JUMPING. 
1. 

The  class  rises  and  assumes  the  correct  standing  position,  with  lips 
closed.  Hands  may  be  on  the  hips.  The  first  section  starts  to  run  around 
the  room,  the  others  following.  Later  the  class  may  clap  in  time  with  the 
running.  The  running  is  done  on  the  balls  of  the  feet. 

N.  B. — In  all  games  where  the  entire  class  is  actively  engaged,  the 
room  should  be  well  ventilated. 


—  34  — 

2. 

A  string  is  attached  to  the  wall,  at  an  average  height  for  the  tallest 
and  smallest  in  the  class,  and  is  held  horizontally  by  the  teacher. 

The  class  stands  in  correct  position,  facing  the  rear  wall.  The  last 
section  starts  to  run.  Each  child  reaching  the  string  jumps  and  tries  to 
touch  it,  with  left  or  right  hand,  returning  to  his  desk  and  sitting  in  order. 

There  should  he  a  distance  of  six  or  eight  feet  between  those  running, 
to  allow  for  the  time  consumed  while  jumping. 

3. 

Place  two  light,  movable  boxes  (or  books  or  slates  on  end)  on  the 
floor,  and  across  these  a  stick.  The  class  stands  in  position.  The  pupils, 
by  sections,  start  to  run  around  the  room,  jumping  over  the  stick  with 
left,  right,  or  both  feet,  returning  to  their  desks.  This  may  also  be  done 
hopping  on  one  foot. 

4. 

The  above  may  be  played  by  having  the  class  jump  over  a  jumping- 
rope,  held  by  two  children. 

5. 

A.  The  class,  in  a  good  standing  position,  raises  left  or  right  foot 
backward,  holding  it  with  the  hand  on  the  same  side.  Standing  on  the  ball 
of  the  other  foot,  they  hop  in  place — in  time  to  the  counting  of  the  teacher. 
Later  they  hop,  without  holding  the  foot,  a  fixed  number  of  times  on  each 
foot,  changing  quickly. 

H.  With  imaginary  rope,  and  raising  both  feet  backward  at  once, 
alighting  on  the  balls  of  the  feet,  while  they  are  jumping  in  place. 

C.  Raising  the  left  and  right  foot  backward  (flexing  the  leg),  altern- 
ately, while  they  are  running  in  place. 


Place  a  number  of  erasers,  ten  or  twelve,  on   the  floor,   parallel 
about  one  foot  apart. 

Each  child  in  turn  passes  to  the  erasers,  hops  over  them  on  one  foot 
without  lowering  the  other,  and  returns  to  his  desk. 

The  game  may  be  a  "contest,"  the  successful  ones  remaining  in  the 
game,  the  last  one  up  being  the  winner. 

7. 

The  above  may  be  played  by  having  the  first  child  place  the  erasers 
on  the  floor  in  position,  without  lowering  the  other  foot.  The  second 
child  will  hop  over  one,  pick  it  up,  then  over  the  next  and  pick  it  up, 
until  he  has  them  all,  keeping  the  foot  raised. 

8. 

All  stand  in  poMtion.  facing  the  sick-  of  the  room.  At  the  first  signal, 
each  places  one  hand  on  the  edge  of  his  desk  and  the  other  on  the  ed.ue 
of  the  desk  behind.  At  the  second  signal  they  jump  over  the  scat,  alight- 
ing on  the  balls  of  the  feet. 

Signal,  all  turn  and  repeat 

9. 

Vary  the  above,  by  having  the  last  section  run  to  the  rear  and  around 
to  the  desk  in  the  first  section  directly  across  from  his  own.  This  con- 
tinues until  each  is  at  his  own  desk. 


-  36  - 

10. 

The  class  forms  a  line  across  the  rear  of  the  room,  holding  out  one 
hand.  One  is  the  tagger,  who  touches  the  outheld  hands  along  the  line 
and  finally  tags  the  hand  of  a  child  behind  an  aisle,  and  runs.  The  one 
tagged  must  catch  him  before  he  reaches  the  front  floor.  If  caught,  he 
either  goes  to  his  desk,  or  remains  on  front  floor,  and  is  out  of  the  game. 
If  he  is  not  caught,  he  has  another  turn — then  the  other  child  is  out. 
This  may  be  played  by  having  the  girls  at  one  end  of  the  line,  the  boys 
at  the  other,  and  have  two  taggers. 

11. 

Two  children  step  to  the  front  of  the  room,  and  grasping  right  hands 
st.Mid  in  stride  position,  the  right  feet  touching.  At  the  signal,  both  pull, 
each  trying  to  move  the  other  from  his  place. 


12. 


Two  children 


grasp  right  hands,  stand  on  right  foot,  with  left  foot 
raised  backward.  Both  pull :  the  one  succeeding  in  pulling  his  opponent 
over  is  the  winner. 

13. 

First  two  children  step  to  front  of  the  room,  take  hold  of  a  wand 
with  Imth  hand-,  right  hand  forward.  Stand  in  stride  position,  right  feet 
aliii<»t  touching.  At  signal,  both  pull  to  see  who  can  move  the  other. 

14. 

The  same  game  may  be  played  by  pushing  the  opponent  away  instead 
of  pulling. 

ALERTNESS. 

1. 

i'npils  in  the  correct  position,  at  signal  stand  in  the  left  or  right  aisle. 
Another  signal,  and  all  sit. 

As  the  alertness  increaM's.  the  correct  standing  position  should  be 
insisted  upon. 

2. 

</.  All  arc  sitting  on  the  right  side  of  the  desk.  At  signal,  each  child 
stands,  and  quickly  sits  in  the  seat  in  front  of  his.  At  signal,  they  return. 

b.     Repeat  this  on  the  left  side. 

C.     Sitting  in  the  center  of  the  desk,  at  command  they  sit  quickly  in 
the  seat  on  the  left  or  right  side,  as  specified. 
that  all   the  seats  are  down. 


In  all  running  games,  those  who  are  not  running  must  keep  their 
feet  under  the  center  of  the  desk,  and  the  runner  must  pass  up  and  down 
the  aisle  designated  by  the  teacher:  thus, — 

At  signal,  the  first  row  across  the  room  stands  in  the  right  aisle, 
facing  the  rear;  another  signal,  and  they  run  back,  touch  the  rear  wall 
and  return  down  the  same  aisle.  Second  row  repeats.  Another  time 
this  is  played  in  the  aisle  to  the  left.  Each  row  has  had  a  winner. 

4. 

The  above  may  be  played  by  the  rows  across  the  room  running,  but 
each  section  playing  independently,  the  second  pupil  starting  when  the  first 
reaches  his  seat',  and  so  on.  In  this  the  section  wins.' 


—  36  — 

5. 

The  class  is  seated  in  the  center  of  the  seats.  The  first  row  stands 
facing  front.  At  signal,  they  run  around  the  front  desks  to  their  own 
desks.  At  signal,  the  second  row  runs,  and  so  on — each  row  having  had 
a  winner. 

6. 

The  above  may  be  played  by  making  a  complete  circuit  of  the  section, 
each  arriving  at  his  desk  down  the  same  aisle  in  which  he  left  it. 

7. 

In  this  game,  all  the  seats,  including  the  front  ones,  are  dowrn,  and  a 
child  in  each  last  seat.  At  signal,  these  last  pupils  stand,  in  left  or  right 
aisle.  At  a  second  signal,  they  run  to  the  front  seat.  The  first  one  there, 
wins.  Signal,  and  the  class  stands ;  signal,  they  move  back  one  desk  and  sit, 
the  last  child  always  going  to  the  last  seat.  This  is  continued  until  each 
has  run  and  is  in  his  place  again. 

8. 

"Musical  Desk." 

All  the  seats  are  turned  down.  As  many  sections  as  possible  are  tilled. 
and  a  child  on  the  front  seat. 

The  odd-numbered  sections  stand,  the  front  seat  is  raised  and  is  not 
counted ;  thus  there  is  one  child  more  than  there  are  seats  in  the  section. 
At  signal,  each  line  runs  around  its  section,  continuing  to  do  so  until  sig- 
naled to  stop,  when  each  sits  quickly,  not  necessarily  in  his  own  desk, 
but  someone  is  left  in  each  row.  They  stand  in  front  floor.  The  even- 
numbered  rows  then  play,  and  the  game  continues.  At  last,  all  the  losers 
may  play  alone — thus  finding-  the  least  alert.  They  then  return  to  their 
own  desk. 

9. 

Beginning  with  the  third  game,  those  that  follow — the  eighth,  in- 
clusive— may  be  played,  hopping  on  the  ball  of  the  left  or  right  foot, 
instead  of  running. 

10. 

"Stoop." 

In  this  game  the  children  must  respond  to  the  command  given,  and 
not  to  what  the  teacher  does.  She  simply  says,  "Stoop/'  "Stand,"  and 
does  as  the  class  does;  finally  she  may  say,  "Stoop" — she  herself  stand- 
ing. Those  who  imitated  her  movement  are  caught. 

11. 

One  boy  or  girl  is  sent  from  the  room.  The  class  stands — each  child 
moving  about  in  his  own  little  place,  for  relaxation,  taking  some  move- 
ment, such  as  stretching,  risinp  on  toes,  shaking  hands.  They  may  whisper. 

At  first,  the  teacher  may  suggest  some  movements  for  each  section ; 
all  are  in  good  spirits;  suddenly  the  door  opens,  the  child  returns,  and 
all  must  be  in  order;  the  last,  in  order,  is  the  next  to  go  out,  or  the  one 
who  was  out  deciding  who  is  to  be  the  next. 

MISCELLANEOUS. 
"Snow  Ball" 

The  class  stands;  one  half  faces  the  other.  At  <ignal,  all  stoop, 
gather  imaginary  snow  (do  not  touch  the  floor).  Signal,  all  stand  and, 
with  energy,  make  a  nice  ball.  Signal,  the  ball  is  thrown. 

All  may  throw  at  a  snow  man   drawn  on  the   front  hoard. 


—  37  — 

Book  on  Head." 

The  class  standing,  with  correct  position  of  the  head  and  a  book  on 
the  same,  walks  around  the  room  in  order.  The  line  returning  with  the 
greatest  number  of  books  in  place  (without  having  touched  it)  is  the 
winner. 

"Drop  the  'Kerchief." 

The  class  is  sitting  in  the  center  of  the  seats.  One  child  running 
around  the  room  drops  the  'kerchief  on  some  child's  desk,  who  must 
catch  him  before  he  reaches  his  desk.  If  not  caught,  he  has  another  turn. 

"Follow  My  Leader." 

With  the  class  standing,  and  a  good  leader,  they  begin  to  march 
around  the  room,  imitating  him.  He  may  take  arm  movements,  —  hop, 
clap,  sing,  —  anything.  The  changes  occur  quickly,  and  inattention  sends 
a  child  to  his  desk. 

"Swinging." 

The  class  stands,  moves  backward  until  there  is  forearm  distance 
between  them.  With  the  right  foot  forward,  and  both  hands  holding  the 
ropes  of  an  imaginary  swing  containing  someone,  they  push  in  time  to 
the  counting  of  the  teacher  ;  finally  it  stops. 

Imagining  a  heavier  person  to  be  in  the  swing,  they  push  harder, 
moving  the  body  more,  bending  the  knees  alternately.  Finally,  at  a  signal, 
they  run  under  the  swing  to  their  desks. 

1-cathcr." 


The  class  is  divided  into  groups,  each  of  which  forms  a  circle  in  some 
pan  <>f  the  n>«>in.  One  in  each  circle  starts  a  feather  into  the  air.  Each 
child  endeavors  to  keep  it  up.  but  must  not  leave  his  place.  The  first 
feather  to  the  floor  makes  its  circle  the  loser.  The  windows  have  been 
opened  and  the  room  well  ventilated. 

"Birds." 

Each  section  assumes  the  name  of  a  bird.  When  the  teacher  calls 
for  one  —  say  the  robin  —  the  robins  fly  around  the  room;  the  boys  may 
imitate  his  call. 

This  continues   until   all  have  been  out. 

"Rope  and  Ring." 

This  Bailie  is  to  teach  the  children  the  control  of  the  hands,  when 
moving  in  opposition. 

The  class  is  arranged  in  a  circle,  standing  almost  shoulder  to  shoulder, 
with  both  hands  on  a  rope  or  strong  twine.  One  child  is  in  the  center. 
Somewhere  on  the  rope  is  a  ring.  At  a  signal,  all  begin  to  move  both 
hands  on  the  rope  ;  the  ring  is  then  on  its  way  around,  the  child  in  the 
i-enter  trying  to  locate  it.  If  he  is  successful,  the  one  who  had  it  takes 
his  place  in  the  center. 

"The  Band." 

The  class  marches  around  the  room,  following  a  good  captain.  The 
girls  sing  a  chosen  song,  while  the  boys  represent  the  band  and  are  play- 
ing imaginary  instruments,  thus  :  the  drum-beat,  fife,  horn,  and  others, 
but  following  the  melody  of  the  song. 

"Seasons" 

After  a  lesson  on  one  of  the  seasons,  a  few  moments  of  relaxation 
will  be  enjoyed,  particularly  if  the  sports  of  the  season  are  brought  out. 
The  following  are  suggestions  for  fall  : 


—  38     - 

In  the  fall  we  go  to  the  woods,  running  around  the  room  until  \ve 
reach  our  desks — the  woods.  On  the  way,  we  crossed  a  small  stream, 
jumping  across  it— a  stick  placed  on  two  boxes. 

We  gather  nuts — all  stooping;  or  at  signal,  we  jump  for  the  nuts  on 
the  trees.  The  leaves  are  cleared  away ;  at  signal,  all  stoop,  and  gather 
the  leaves.  Another  signal,  they  are  thrown  to  one  side.  This  is  re- 
peated several  times. 

Then  there  is  a  game  (call  it  "Leap  Frog"),  but  play  the  game  of 
jumping  over  the  seats,  given  on  a  former  page;  or  play  the  "Winds," 
given  below — jump  an  imaginary  rope.  We  then  walk  home — singing  on 
the  way — and  someone  closing  the  windows. 

"The  Wind* 

This  is  to  be  used  for  an  opportunity  to  ventilate  the  room,  expand 
the  lungs,  and  to  relax. 

The  clas>  -aands,  each  representing  a  good,  strong,  tall  tree,  with 
strong  branches  (outstretched  arms),  twigs  ''the  fingers).  Finally,  the 
little  twigs  move;  next,  the  top  of 'the  tree  (head);  then  the  branches 
move  up  and  down;  now,  the  whole  tree  is  bending  (trunk  bending  and 
turning).  During  all  this  the  wind  has  been  blowing  and  getting  louder 
(inhale  through  the  nostrils  and  exhale  between  the  partly-open  lips). 
Finally,  the  wind  is  more  gentle,  and  the  movements  gradually  stop 
in  turn,  ending  with  the  little  movements  of  the  twigs. 

"Cat  and  Mouse." 

Arrange  children  in  a  circle,  with  hands  grasped.  Two  players  are 
chosen — one,  the  cat  outside,  and  one  the  mouse,  in  the  center  of  the  ring. 
One  says,  "I  am  the  cat ;"  the  other,  "1  am  the  mouse."  The  cat :  "I 
will  catch  you ;"  the  mouse,  "You  can't  do  it."  Whereupon  both  run, 
the  cat  trying  to  catch  the  mouse,  running  up  and  down  the  aisles  or  in 
and  out  of  the  circle. 

If  the  room  is  too  small  to  form  a  circle,  all  remain  seated.  The 
cat  and  mouse  are  selected,  and  run  up  and  down  the  aisles  until  the 
mouse  is  caught.  The  next  two  children  then  take  their  places. 

The  following  list  is  given  as  additional  material  for  use  in  the  school- 
room and  as  adjuncts  to  the  games: 

Miss  Eleanor  Smith :  "Songs,  Vol.  II,"  "Fly,  little  bird"  (page  40) 
might  be  used  with  our  "Bird"  game. 

"Come,  little  leaves"  (page  21)  may  be  sung  with  the  gathering  of 
the  leaves  in  the  fall. 

"I  put  my  right  hand  in"   (page  47,  Vol.  II). 

"Dancing  Song"    (page  45,  Vol.   II). 

"Daffy-down-dilly"    (page   82,  Vol.   II). 

In  Miss  Beebe's  book  of  "School-Room  Plays :" 

"Washing  Day." 

"Ironing  Day." 

"Here's'  a  little  Kittie." 

"Swinging  'neath  the  Apple  Tree"  (Barrows)  may  be  used  with  the 
"Swinging"  game,  by  having  half  of  the  class  sing. 

"Kinderlied  und  Kinderspiel." 

"Gymnastic  Stories  and    Plays,"  by  Rebecca   Stoneroad. 


—  3ft  — 

THIRD  GRADE— FIRST  HALF. 

XOTE. — The  preliminary  exercises,  which  are  to  precede  every  lesson, 
may  consist  of  the  different  facings,  arm  positions,  a  step  forw.,  backw.  or 
si  dew. 

A  breathing  exercise  should  terminate  every  lesson,  if  the  air  in  the 
room  is  pure. 

Frequently  call  attention  to  correct  standing. 

Arrange  the  pupils  according  to  size  and  sex. 

After  the  first  lesson,  the  commands  are  not  o-iven  in  full.  The  move- 
ments are  only  indicated.  The  teacher,  however,  must  give  the  commands 
for  each  movement  separately,  as  shown  in  the  first  lesson. 

LESSON  I. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw. — l!     Lower — 2!     Raise  arms  outw. — 3!     Lower — 4! 

Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 
Arms  inw. — Bend! 

2.  Throw    left    arm    sidew.    and   turn    head   to   the   left — l!      Return — 2! 

Same,   to   the   right — 3!     Return — 4!     Begin — 1-2-3-4! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  IK-IK!     trunk     backw. — l!       Straighten — 2!       Bend     trunk     forw. — 3! 

Straighten — 4  !     Begin — 1-2-3-4  ! 
/    Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

4.  Raise    heels — l!      Lower — 2!      Bend   knees — :'. !      Straighten — 4!      Be- 

gin—1-2-:;  i  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 
P»end    trunk    sidew.    to    the    left — l!      Straighten— 2 !      Same,    to    the 

right— 3  !     Straighten— 4  !     Begin— 1-2-3- !  ! 

»'..     Touchstep    forw.   left — l!     Return — 2!      Same,  right — 3!      Return — 4! 
Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 

7.  Touchstep  sidew.  left — 1  !     Return — 2  !     Same,  right — :: !     Return — 4  ! 

I  '.rgin— 1-2-3-}  ! 

8.  Raise  arms  forw.  and  raise  heels — l!     Lower — 2!     Raise  arms  sidew. 

and  bend  knees — 3!     Return — l!     Begin — 1-2-3-4! 

LESSON  II. 

1.      Raise  arms  forw.  upw.  and  sidew.  upw.   (alternately). 

Arms  to  strike — Raise! 

Strike  sidew.  left  and  right  and  turn  head  left  and  right. 

Arms  forw. — Fold! 
:;.      I 'end  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 

Hands  backw. — Grasp! 
4.     Raise  left  and  right  foot  backw. 
.">.     Turn  trunk  left  and  right, 
fi.     Raise  arms  forw".  and  touchstep  forw.  left  and  right. 

7.  Same,  sidew. 

8.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw.  and  raise  left  and  right  foot  backw. 

XOTE. — As  time  permits,  take  some  of  the  marching  exercises  given 
on  pages  1  .">  and  1<>.  including  the  "Double  step"  and  the  "Treble 
step." 

LESSON  III. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

1.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew. 

2.  Same,  upw.  and  downw.,  and  bend  head  backw.  on  the  first  count. 
Arms  backw. — Fold! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 


—  40  — 

Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

4.  Raise  left  and  right  knee  fonv. 
">.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 
»').  Touchstep  bnckw.  left  and  right. 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 
7.     Stretch   arms   forw.   and   sidew.   with   touchstcp   iorw.   and   sidew.  with 

left  foot. 
x.     Same,  with  right  foot. 

LESSON  IV. 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

1.  Stretch  left  arm  upw..  right  downw,  and  reverse. 

2.  Stretch  left  arm  sidew..  right   forw..  and  reverse,  turning  head  sidew. 

left  and  right. 
:;.     Bend  trunk  bnckw.  and  downw.,  touching  the  toes  on  the  third  count. 

Hands — Down! 

4.     Raise  arms  forw.  upw.  and  touchstep  backw.  left  and  right. 
.">.     Turn  trunk  left  and  right  and  clap  hands  in  front  of  chest  on  first  and 

third  count. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

6.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  raise  left  and  right  knee. 

7.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  raise  left  and  right  foot  backw. 

8.  Stretch  arms  sidew.  and  touchstep  sidew. 

LESSON  V. 

Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 
1.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew. 
:>.  Stretch  arms  downw.  and  upw. 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw.,  with  bending  arms  inw.  on  third  count. 

4.  Raise  heels  and  bend  knees  (alternately). 

5.  Bend  trunk  sidew.   left  and   right   and   raise  the  right  and  left  hand 

(opposite  from  the  bending)   to  a  semi-circle  overhead. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

6.  Raise  left  and  right  leg  forw. 

7.  Same,  sidew. 

Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

8.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  sidew.  with  raising  heels  and  bending  knees. 

LESSON  VI. 

Arms  to  strike — Raise! 

1.  Strike    left    and    right    arm    sidew.    (alternately).      Also    both.      Also 

alternating  in  two  counts. 
Arms  inw. — Bend! 

2.  Throw  both  arms  sidew.  and  turn  head  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

?>.     Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw.  and  bend  arms  inw.  on  first  and  third 
counts. 

4.  Raise  left  and  right  leg  backw. 

5.  Turn  trunk  left  and  right  and  clap  hands  in  front  of  chest. 
Arms  to  strike — Raise! 

6.  Strike  sidew.  left  and  right  with  raising  left  and  right  leg  sidew. 
Hands — Down ! 

7.  Bend  arms  inw. — 1 !    Throw  outw. — 2 !    Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

8.  Same,  but  raise  heels  on  first,  and  lu-nd  knee.*>  on  second  counts. 


—  41   — 

LESSON  VII. 
Arms  to  thrust — Bend! 

1.  Thrust  arms  forw.  and  sidew. 

2.  Thrust  arms  up\v.  and  downw. 
Arms — Down ! 

3.  Bend   trunk  backw.   and   fold  arms  backw.,  then  bend   forw.  and   fold 

arms  forw. 

4.  Bend  arms  inw.  and  raise  heels — 1 !    Throw  sidew.  and  bend  knees — 2 ! 

Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

5.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right  and  raise  right  and  left  arm  to  semi- 

circle overhead. 
Arms  to  thrust — Bend! 

6.  Thrust  arms  forw.  and  raise  left  and  right  leg  forw. 

7.  Same,  sidew. 

8.  Thrust  upw.  and  raise  left  and  right  leg  backw. 

LESSON  VIII. 

1.  Raise    arms    forw. — l!      Swing   arms    sidew. — 2!      Ret.    to    pos. — 3-4! 

(Clap  hands  on  third  count.) 

2.  Raise   anus   forw. — 1  !     Swing  left  arm  sidew.  and  turn  head  to  the 

left—:.1 !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !     Same,  right. 

3.  Bend  arms  inw. — 1  !     Bend  trunk  backw. — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 

4.  Same,  but  bend  trunk  forw. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

Stride  pos. — left  foot  forw. — Place! 
I'.t-nd  and  straighten  left  knee   (two  counts). 
Feet — Change! 

6.  Same,  with  right  knee. 
In  position — Stand! 

7.  Turn  trunk  left  and  right  and  dap  hands  in  front  of  chest. 
Stride  pos. — left  foot  forw. — Place! 

8.  Raise-    anus    forw. — 1!      Swing   arms    sidew.    and   bend   left   knee — 2! 

Swing  anus  forw.  and  straighten  knee — 3!     Lower  arms — 4!     (The 
foot  remains  forw.  for  repetition.) 
Feet — Change! 

9.  Same,   bending   right  knee. 
In  position — Stand! 

LESSON  IX. 

1.     Raise  arm-  forw.      I  !     Raise  arms  upw. — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 
-.'      lv;ii-e    ann>    sidew.      l  !      Raise    to   circle    overhead    and    lower    head 
backw.— 2!     Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4! 

3.  Fold  arms  backw.— 1 !     Bend  trunk  backw.— 2  !     Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4  ! 

4.  Same,  but  fold  arms  and  bend  forw. 

Stride  pos. — both  feet  sidew.  and  hands  on  hips — Place — 1-2! 

5.  Mend  left  and  right  knee   (alternately).     Also  alternate  in  two  counts. 
In  position — Stand! 

6.  Raise  amis    sidew. — 1  !     Turn   trunk   to  the  left  and  swing  right  arm 

to  the  left— 2!     Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4  ! 

7.  Same,  opposite. 

Stride  pos.— both  feet  sidew.— Place— 1-2! 

8.  Bend  left  and  right  knee  and  raise  arms  sidew. 

LESSON  X. 
Arms  inw. — Bend! 

1.  Throw  arms  sidew.  and  turn  head  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down ! 

2.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  place  hands  on  hips ;  bend  trunk  downw.  and 

touch  toes. 


—  42  — 

Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

3.  Stride  forw.  left— 1 !     Bend  left  knee— 2  !     Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4  ! 

4.  Same,  right. 

5.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right  and  raise  arms  to  circle  overhead  on 

first  and  third  counts. 

6.  Stride  forw.  left  and  bend  arms  inw. — 1 !     Bend  left  knee  ;-.ml  throw 

arms  sidew. — 2  I     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

7.  Same,   but   stride   right. 

8.  Stride  forw.  left  and  raise  arms  forw. — 1 !     Bend  left  knee  and  raise 

arms  npw. — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 
0.     Same,    but    stride    right. 


THIRD  GRADE— SECOND  HALF. 

FOURTH  GRADE— FIRST  HALF. 

See  notes  preceding  Lesson  I. 

LESSON  XL 

1.  Raise  arms  forw. — l!     Raise  arms  upw. — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 

2.  Raise  arms  sidew. — 1 !     Raise  arms  upw. — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 

4.  Stride  position  left — 1 !     Bend  left  knee — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !     Same. 

right.     Grade  IV  may  alternate  after  some  practice. 

5.  Stride  sidew.  left — 1 !     Bend  left  knee — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !     Same. 

right.     Grade  IV  alternate. 

6.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down! 

7.  Raise  arms  and  stride  forw.  left — 1 !     Raise  arms  upw.  and  bend  left 

knee — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also^with  stride  forw.  right. 

8.  Raise  arms  sidew.   and  stride  sidew.   left — 1  !     Raise  arms   "i>\v.   and 

bend   left   knee — 2!     Ret.    to   pos. — 3-4!     Also   with    stride    sidew. 
right. 
See  note  following  Lesson  II. 

LESSON  XII. 

1.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1 !     Stretch  upw. — 2 !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

2.  Same,  but  stretch  forw. 

3.  Raise  arms  forw. — 1 !     Bend  trunk  backw. — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4 ! 

4.  Same,  but  bend  forw. 

Stride  pos.— both  feet  sidew.  and  arms  to  strike— Place ! 

5.  Bend   left  knee   and   strike   arms   sidew. — 1 !      Straighten — 2 !      Same, 

right — 3-4 !     Also  alternate  in  two  counts. 
In  position — Stand! 

6.  Raise  arms  sidew. — l!    Bend  sidew.  left — 2!    Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!    Same, 

with  bending  to  the  right. 

7.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1  !     Stretch  forw.  and  touchstep  forw.  left — 2  !     Ret. 

to  pos. — 3-4  !     Also  with  touchstep  right. 

8.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1 !     Stretch  upw.  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 2  !     Ret. 

to  pos. — 3-4  !     Also  with  touchstep  right. 

LESSON  XIII. 

Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

1.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew. 

2.  Stretch  left  arm  upw.,  right  downw.,  and  reverse. 


—  43  — 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  obliquely  forw.  left  and  right. 

4.  Bend     trunk     backw. — 1 !        Straighten — 2  !       Bend     sidew.     left 3  ! 

Straighten — 4!     Also  with  bending  to  the  right. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

5.  Touchstep  backw.  left  and  right. 
Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

6.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  touchstep  backw.  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down! 

Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

7.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew.  with  raising  heels  and  bending  knees. 
Hands — Down ! 

Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

8.  Stretch  left  arm   downw.,   right   upw.,  and  touchstep  backw.   left — 1 ! 

Ret.  to  pos. — 2  I     Same,  reversed — 3-4  ! 

LESSON  XIV. 

Arms  to  thrust — Bend! 

1.  Thrust  arms  forw.  and  sidew. 

2.  Thrust  arms  upw.  and  downw. 
Arms — Down! 

3.  Raise   arms   sidew. — l!     Bend   trunk  backw   and  bend  arms   imv.— 2 ! 

Ret.  to  pos. — ;:-4  ! 

4.  Same,  but  bend   trunk   forw. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

5.  Bendknee-tep  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Arms — Down ! 

6.  Turn  trunk  left  and  right  and  raise  arms  ferw.    (in  the  direction  the 

body  is  turned). 
Arms  to  thrust — Bend! 

7.  Thurst  arms  f<»r\v.  and  >idew.  and  touchstep  forw.  and  sidew.  with  the 

left  foot.     Also  with  the  right  foot, 
v     Tiiuchsu-p   backw.   left   and    right   and   thrust   the   corresponding   arm 

backw.,  the  other  upw. 
Arms — Down ! 

'LESSON  XV. 

1.  Raise  arms  sidew.  left  and  right. 

2.  Raise  arms  sidew.  left — 1 !     Upw. — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

3.  Bend  arms  imv. — 1  !     Bend  trunk  backw.  and  throw  arms  sidew. — 2  ! 

Ret.  to  pos.— :;- 1 ! 

4.  Same,   but   bend   forw. 
Hands  backw. — Grasp! 

5.  Bendkneestep  backw.  left  and  right. 

6.  Raise  arms  outw. — 1  !     Turn  trunk  to  the  left  and  swing  arms  forw. 

(right  to  left) — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  to  the  right. 

7.  Raise   arms   sidew.   left   and   right   and   bendkneestep   sidew.   left   and 

right. 

8.  Raise  arms  and  bendkneestep  sidew.  to  the  left — 1  !»    Arms  upw.  and 

closestep — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !     Same,  to  the  right. 

LESSON  XVI. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw.  and  sidew.  upw.  (alternately.) 

2.  Raise  arms  to  strike — 1 !     Strike  sidew. — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  stretch  arms  upw. ;  bend  trunk  downw.  and 

stretch  arms  downw. 


4.  Raise    arms    to    strike — 1 !  Strike    sidew.    with    bendkneestep    sidew. 

left — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  with  bendkm-estep  right. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Turn  trunk  left  and  right  and  stretch  arms  fonv. 
Hands — Down ! 

6.  Bendkneesten  backw.  left  and  right  and  raise  arms  fonv.  upw. 

7.  Same,  sidew.  and  raise  arms  sidew.  upw. 

8.  Bendkneestep  backw.   left  and  swing  left  arm  backw.,  the  right  ob- 

ilquely    forw.    upw. — 1 !      Ret.    to    pos. — 2  !      Same,    opposite — :i-4  ! 
(See  that  pupils  do  not  turn  body.) 

LESSON  XVII. 

1.  Hands  on  shoulders — 1 !     Stretch  arms  upw. — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

2.  Same,  but  stretch  sidew. 

3.  Same,  but  stretch  forw. 
Arms  backw. — Fold! 

4.  Bend  trunk  obliquely  forw.  left  and  right. 

5.  Bend  trunk  obliquely  backw.  left  and  right. 

6.  Hands  on  shoulders — 1 !     Stretch  arms  upw.  and  bendkneestep  backw. 

left — 2!  Ret.   to   pos. — 3-4!     Also   with   the   bendkneestep   backw. 
right. 

7.  Same,  but  stretch  and  step  sidew. 

8.  Hands  on  shoulders — 1 !    Stretch  arms  forw.  and  raise  left  leg  forw. 

— 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  raising  right  leg. 

LESSON  XVIII. 

1.  Bend  arms  to  thrust— 1 !     Thrust  forw.— 2  !     Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4 ! 

2.  Same,  but  thrust  sidew. 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 

4.  Raise  heels— 1 !     Bend  knees— 2  !     Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4  ! 
Hands — Down ! 

5.  Exercise  4,  with  bending  arms  inw.  and  throwing  sidew. 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

6.  Bend  trunk  sideW.  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down! 

7.  Bend  arms  to  thrusj — l!     Thrust   arms  and   raise  left   leg   forw. — 2! 

Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  with  right  leg. 

8.  Same,   but   thrust   arms    upw.    and    raise    left    leg   1>nck\v.     Also    with 

right  leg. 

LESSON  XIX. 

Hands  on  hips — Place!     (For  all  exercises.) 

1.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew. 

2.  Stretch  arm*  upw.  and  diagonally,  right  up   (alternately),  also  left  up. 

3.  Stretch  arms  forw. — 1 !     Bend  trunk  backw. — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

4.  Same,  but  bend  downw.,  touching  toes. 

5.  Bendkneestep  sidew.  left  and  right. 

6.  Same,  backw. 

7.  Raise    arms    to    circle    overh. — 1 !      Bend    trunk    sidew. — 2 !      Ret.    to 

pos. — 3-4  !     Also  bend  to  the  right. 

8.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  raise  left  knee — 1 !     Ret.  to  pos. — 2  !     Stretch 

arms  upw.  and  raise  left  foot  backw. — 3!     Ret.  to  pos. — 4!     Also 
with  right  leg. 


—  46  — 

• 

LESSON  XX. 

1.  Bend  arms  upw. — l!     Stretch  upw.— 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 

2.  Same,  but  stretch  sidew. 
?>.     Same,  but  stretch  forw. 

Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

4.  Bend  trunk  obliquely  forw.  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down! 

5.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1 !     Bend  trunk  backw.  and  stretch  arms  upw. — 2 ! 

Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4 ! 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

6.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down! 

7.  Bend  arms  upw. — l!     Stretch  upw.  and  bendkneestep  backw.  left — 2! 

Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4 !     Also  with  bendkneestep  right. 

8.  Same,  but  stretch  and  step  sidew. 

FOURTH  GRADE— SECOND  HALF. 
LESSON  XXI. 

1.  Raise  arms  sidew.  left — 1 !     Raise  arms  upw. — 2 !     Lower  arms  sidew. 

right — .'{ !    Lower  arms — 4  !    Also  to  the  right. 

2.  Arms  to  strike — 1 !     Strike  sidew. — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  obliquely  backw.  left  and  right. 

4.  Same,  forw. 

5.  Stride   forw.   left— 1 !     Bend  left  knee— 2 !     Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4 !     Also 

right. 

6.  Same,  stepping  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

7.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down! 

Stride  pos. — both  feet  sidew. — Place! 

8.  Bend  left  knee  and  raise  arms  sidew.  left— 1 !     Straighten  knee  and 

raise  arms  upw. — 2 !  Bend  right  knee  and  lower  to  the  right — 3 ! 
Straighten  right  knee  and  lower  arms — 4!  Also  beginning  to 
the  right. 

LESSON  XXII. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw.— 1 !    Upw.— 2  !    Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4 ! 

2.  Same,  sidew. 

3.  Bend  arms  inw. — 1 !     Throw  arms  sidew.  and  bend  trunk  backw. — 2 ! 

Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

4.  Same,  bending  forward. 

Stride  pos. — both  feet  sidew.  and  arms  to  strike — Place! 

5.  Bend  left  and  right  knee  and  strike  sidew.     Also  alternating  in  two 

counts. 
In  position — Stand! 

6.  Bend    arms    inw. — 1 !      Throws    arms    sidew.    and   bend   trunk    sidew. 

left — 2  !    Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !    Also  bending  right. 

7.  Raise  arms  and  stride  forw.  left — 1  !     Raise  arms  upw.  and  bend  left 

knee — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !    Also  stepping  forw.  right. 

8.  Same,  but  raise  arms  and  step  sidew. 

LESSON  XXIII. 

1.  Wind   arms    inw.    and    stretch    forw. — 1 !      Swing   outw. — 2 !      Ret.   to 

pos.— 3-4 ! 

2.  Same,  but  stretch  sidew.  and  raise  upw. 

3.  Same  as  Exercise  1,  but  bend  trunk  backw.  on  second  count. 


—  46  — 

* 

4.  Same,  but  bend  trunk  forw.  and  lower  the  arms. 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

5.  Raise  heels— 1 !     Bend  knees— :> !     Ret.  to  pos.— .3-4  ! 
Hands — Down! 

6.  Wind  in\v.  and  stretch  arms  sidew. — 1 !     Bend  trunk  sidew. — 2 !     Ret. 

to  pos. — 3-4  !     Also  bending  right. 

7.  Wind  inw.  stretching  arms  forw.,  and  raise  left  leg  forw. — 1 !     Lower 

arms  and  leg — 2!     Same,  raising  right  leg— ::-l  ! 

8.  Same,  but  stretch  arms  and  raise  leg  sid<--v. 

LESSON  XXIV. 

Hands  on  hips — Place!     (For  all  exercises.) 

1.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew. 

2.  Stretch  arms  diagonally,  left  and  right. 

3.  Bend  trunk  obliquely  backw.  left  and  right. 

4.  Same,  forw. 

5.  Touchstep  sidew.  left — l!     Raise  left  foot  inw — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 

Also  rig'lit. 

6.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right  and  raise  the  opposite  arm  to  semi- 

circle overhead. 

7.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew.  and  raise  left  leg  forw.  and  sidew.   Also 

right  leg. 

8.  Stretch    arms    diagonally,    right    up,    and    raise    left    leg    sidew.,    also 

opposite. 

LESSON  XXV. 

1.  Bend  arms   upw.  and  stretch   upw. 

2.  Same,  but  sidew. 

3.  Same,  but  forw. 

4.  Hands  behind -neck — l!     Bend  trunk  backw. — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 

5.  Same,  but  bend  forw. 

6.  Bend  arms  upw.  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 1 !     Stretch  arms  upw.  and 

raise  left  foot  inw. — 2 !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4 !     Also  right  leg. 

7.  Hands  behind  neck — 1 !    Bend  trunk  sidew.  left — 2  !    Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

Also  bend  sidew.  right. 

8.  Bend   arms   upw.   and   touchstep   backw.   left — 1  !     Stretch   arms    npw. 

and  raise  left  foot  backw. — 2 !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4 !    Also  raise  right 
foot. 

LESSON  XXVI. 

1.  Hands  on  shoulders — l!     Stretch  forw. — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 

2.  Same,  upw. 

3.  Same,  but  throw  arms  sidew. 

4.  Raise  arms  sidew. — l!     Bend  trunk  backw.   and   bend   arms   inw. — 2! 

Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 
.").     Same,  but  bend  trunk  forw. 

6.  Raise  arms  sidew. — 1 !     Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  raise  arms  to  circle 

overhead — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !     Also  bend  sidew.  right. 

7.  Hands    on    shoulders — 1 !      Stretch    arms    forw.    and    raise    left    leg 

forw. — 2  !      Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !     Also  with  right  leg. 

9.  Same,  but  upw.,  raising  legs  backw. 

LESSON  XXVIT. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw. — 1 !     Swing  sidew. — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 

2.  Same,  but  raise  upw.  on  second  count. 

3.  Raise  arms  sidew. — 1  !     Raise  upw.— 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — .'5-4  ! 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

4.  Bend  trunk  backw.   and   forw. 

5.  Bend  sidew.  left  and  right. 


—  47   — 

Hands — Down ! 

6.  Raise  arms  and   stride  forw.   loft — 1 !      Swing  arms  sidew.   and  bend 

left  knee — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !     Also  stepping  right. 

7.  Raise  arms  and  stride  sidew.  left — 1 !     Raise  arms  upw.  and  bend  left 

knee — 2!    Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  stepping  right. 

8.  Raise   arms   and   stride   forw.   le,ft. — 1 !     Raise   arms   upw.   to  a  circle 

overhead  and  bend  both  knees — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  step- 
ping right. 

LESSON  XXVIII. 

Arms  to  thrust — Bend! 

1.  Thrust  arms  forw.  and  sidew. 

2.  Thrust  arms  upw.  and  downw. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  sidew.  left.     (Alternate.) 

4.  Same,  forw.  and  sidew.  right. 

5.  Bendkneestep  sidew.  left  and  fight. 

6.  Same,  backw. 

Arms  to  thrust — Bend! 

7.  Thrust  arms  sidew.  with  bendkneestep  sidew.  left  and  right. 
s.     Thrust  anus  upw.  and  bendkneestep  backw.  left  and  right. 

LESSON  XXIX 

1.  Bend  arms  to  thrust-— .1  !     Thrust  forw. — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 

2.  Same,  diagonally. 

3.  Same.  upw. 

4.  Bend    arms    to   thrust — l!      Bend    trunk    backw.    and   thrust   upw. — 2! 

Ret.  t«>  pos. — 3-4  ! 

5.  Same,  but  bend  forw.  and  thrust  downw. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

6.  Bemlkneestep  forw.  left  and  right. 

7.  Bend  arms  to  thrust — l!     Turn  trunk  left  and  thrust  arms  forw. — 2! 

Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  turning  right. 

8.  Bend    anus    to    thrust — l!      Thrust    upw.    and    bendkneestep    backw. 

left — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  stepping  right. 

'.i.      Mend  arms  to  thrust — l!     Thrust  diagonally,  right  up,  and  bendknee- 
step   ^idcw.   left — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  opposite. 

LESSON  XXX. 

Arms  to  thrust — Bend!     (For  all  exercises.) 

1.  Thrust    arms    forw.— 1  !      Swing    sidew.    left— 2 !      Ret.    to    pos.— 3-4 ! 

Also  to  the  right. 

2.  Thrust  arms  sidew. — l!     Raise  upw. — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 
:;.     Thrust  arms  upw. — l!     Lower  forw. — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4! 
4.      Mend  trunk  backw.  and  forw.  and  thrust  upw.  and  downw. 
."»      Mend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right  and  thrust  arms  sidew. 

6.  Thrust   arms   forw. — 1 !      Swing  sidew.   left   and  bendkneestep   sidew. 

left — 2!   Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Also  to  the  right. 

7.  Thrust    arms    sidew. — l!      Raise    upw.    and    bendkneestep    backw. — 2! 

Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !     Also  stepping  right. 

8.  Thrust    arms    upw. — 1      Lower    arms    forw.    and    bendkneestep    forw. 

left — 2  !     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  !     Also  stepping  right. 


—  48  — 

DUMBBELLS. 

The  dumbbells  that  are  used  in  these  grades  are  of  iron  and  weigh 
approximately  one  pound. 

While  all  freehand  exercises  can  be  executed  with  dumbbells,  some 
arc  better  adapted  for  their  use  than  others. 

In  the  following  series,  the  lessons  that  are  not  well  adapted  for  the 
use  of  dumbbells  are  marked  "C"  (Calisthenics),  while  those  especially 
prepared  are  marked  "D"  (dumbbells).  Lessons  marked  "D"  or  "C"  may 
be  taken  with  or  without  the  bells. 

The  position  of  the  hands  holding  the  bells  is  always  the  same  as 
for  freehand  exercises. 

An  exercise  well  adapted  for  dumbbells,  but  which  does  not  appear  in 
the  lessons,  is  "Arm  rotation." 

Teachers  may  insert  it  at  will  in  the  middle  or  close  of  the  lesson. 
Hold  the  bells  in  any  given  position  and  turn  the  hand  from  pronation  to 
stipulation,  and  reverse.  Do  not  let  the  arms  be  in  the  same  position  too 
long,  as  the  arms  will  tire  quickly.  Change  the  arm  position  after  8  to 
12  counts. 

To  get  the  dumbbells  before,  and  to  return  them  after  the  lesson,  the 
following  routine  is  suggested : 

Place  the  boxes  in  front  of  the  front  desks  of  the  two  outer  sections ; 
proceed  as  for  calisthenics,  but  instead  of  every  other  line  facing  to  the  rear, 
have  all  face  about  except  those  in  the  two  center  aisles.  The  pupils  in  these 
aisles  pass  forward  across  the  front  of  the  room  toward  their  respective 
boxes,  take  a  pair  of  dumbbells,  pass  down  the  aisle  nearest  the  wall,  to  the 
rear  of  the  room,  and  proceed  to  the  places  assigned  them  for  gymnastics. 
The  other  pupils  follow,  passing  forward  in  the  center  aisles,  and  pro- 
ceeding to  their  respective  places. 

Return  the  bells  in  the  same  way. 

The  pupils  should  place  hands  on  hips  as  soon  as  they  have  their  bells, 
and  retain  them  there  until  directed  otherwise. 

FIFTH  AND  SIXTH  GRADES. 

The  preliminary  exercises,  which  are  to  precede  every  lesson  may  con- 
sist of  the  different  facings,  arm  positions,  one  or  more  steps  forw.,  backw., 
or  sidew. 

A  breathing  lesson  should  terminate  every  lesson  if  the  air  in  the  room 
is  pure. 

Frequently  call   attention   to  correct   standing. 

Arrange  pupils  according  to  size  and  sex. 

After  the  first  lesson  the  commands  are  not  given  in  full,  the  move- 
ments are  only  indicated.  The  teacher  must,  however,  give  the  commands 
for  each  movement,  separately,  as  shown  in  the  first  lesson. 

LESSON  I.     C. 

1.  Raise   arms    and   left    leg   forw. — 1 !      Pos. — 2 !      Same,    raising    right 

leg— 3  !     Pos.— 4  !    Begin— 1-2-3-4 ! 

2.  Raise   arms   and   left  leg  sidew. — 1 !      Pos. — 2 !      Same,    raising   right 

leg— 3  !     Pos.— 4  !     Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Bend     trunk     backw. — 1 !       Straighten — 2  !       Bend     trunk     forw. — 3  ! 

Straighten— 4  !     Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 
Hands — Down! 

4.  Raise   arms    forw.    upw.   and   raise   heels — l!      Pos. — 2!    .Raise   arms 

outw.  upw.  and  bend  knees — 3  !     Pos. — 4  !     Begin — 1-2-3-4  ! 


—  49  — 

Hands  behind  neck — Place! 
5.     Bend  trunk  sidew.  left— 1  !     Straighten— 2 !     Bend  trunk  sidew.  right 

—3  !     Straighten— 4  !     Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 
Hands — Down ! 

fi.     Raise    arms    forvv.    upw.    and    left    leg   backw. — l!      Pos. — 2!      Same, 
raising  right  leg — 3  !     Pos. — 4  !     Begin — 1-2-3-4  ! 

7.  Raise  arms  sidew.  upw.  and  left  leg  inw. — 1 !     Pos. — 2 !     Same,  raising 

right  leg— 3!     Pos.— 4  !     Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 

LESSON  II.     C. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw.,  with  touchstep  forw.  left  and  right. 

2.  Raise  arms  sidew.  left  and  right,  with  touchstep  sidew. 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw. 
Hands — Down! 

4.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw.,  with  touchstep  backw.  left  and  right. 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

5.  Turn  trunk  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down ! 

0.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw.,  with  bendkneestep  backw.  left  and  right. 
7.'    Raise  arms  sidew.  upw.,  with  bendkneestep  sidew.  left  and  right. 

8.  Raise  arms  sidew.  left  and  right,  with  bendkneestep  sidew. 

LESSON  III.     C. 

1.  Wind  arms  and  stretch  forw.  with  touchstep  forw.  left  and  right. 

2.  Same,  but   stretch  and  step  sidew. 

3.  Same,  but   stretch   upw.    with  cross-touchstep. 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

4.  Bend  trunk  obliquely   forw.   left  and   right. 

5.  Same,  backw. 

Arms  to  strike — Raise! 

(>.     Strike  sidew.  with  bendkneestep  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Hands — Down!  ' 

7.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right  and  raise  opposite  arm  to  semi-circle 

overhead. 

8.  Wind  arms  and  stretch  upw.  with  bendkneestep  backw.  left  and  right. 

9.  Same,  but  stretch  and  step  forw. 

LESSON  IV.     D. 

All  exercises   from   starting  position:     "Hands  on  hips!" 

1.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  now.  alternately. 

2.  Stretch  arms  diagonally,  alternating  right  upw.  and  left  upw. 

3.  Bend   trunk   forw.   and  backw.      (Grade  VI,   stretch   arms   upw.   and 

downw.) 
Half  left    (right)— face! 

4.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  sidew.  with  raising  heels  and  bending  knees. 

(Alternate.) 
Front — face ! 

5.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right.     (Grade  VI,  raise  opposite  arm  to 

semi-circle  overhead.) 

6.  Stretch  arms  forw.  and  raise  left  and  right  knee  forw. 

7.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  raise  left  and  right  foot  backw. 

S.     Stretch  arms  diag.    (Ex.  2)    and  raise  left  and  right  leg  sidew. 


—  50  — 

LESSON  V.     D. 

All  exercises,  except  5,  from  starting  position:     "Hands  on  hips!" 

1.  Stretch  arms  forw.  with  touchstep  forw.  left  and  right. 

2.  Stretch  arms  upw.  with  touchstep  backw.  left  and  right. 

3.  Stretch  arms  diag.  with  touchstep  sidew.  left  and  right. 

4.  Bend  trunk  obliquely  forw.  left  and  right;  also  backw. 
Stride  pos. — both  feet  sidew.  and  arms  to  strike — Place! 

5.  Bend  left  and  right  knee  alternately  and  strike  sidew.  left  and  right. 
In  position — Stand! 

6.  Bend  trunk  sidew.,  raising  opposite  arm  to  semi-circle  overhead. 

7.  Stretch  arms  forw.  with  touchstep  forw.  left — 1-2;  stretch  arms  upw. 

with  touchstep  backw.  left — 3-4.     Also  with  right  foot. 

8.  Stretch  arms  diag.  with  touchstep  sidew.  left — 1-2;  stretch  arms  np\v. 

with  cross-touchstep  left — 3-4.     Also  with  right  foot. 
NOTE. — Exercise  5  may  also  be  alternated  in  two  counts. 

LESSON  VI.     D. 

Stride  pos. — left  foot  forw.  and  hands  on  hips — Place! 

1.  Bend  left  knee  and  stretch  arms  upw. — 1-2;  bend  right   (rear)  knee 

and  stretch  arms  forw. — 3-4. 
Feet— Change— 1-2! 

2.  Same, — bending  right  and  left  knee.    (Remaining  in  stride  position.) 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.   and   forw.      (Grade  VI,  may  stretch  arms   upw. 

when  bending  backw.) 
Feet — Change! 

4.  Repeat  trunk  exercise. 
In  position — Stand! 

Both  feet  sidew.  and  hands  on  hips — Place! 

5.  Bend   left   knee   and    stretch   arms    diag. — 1-2;    bend    rig.it   knee    and 

stretch  arms  upw. — 3-4.     Also  opposite. 

6.  Bend   trunk   sidew.   left   and   right   and   raise   opposite   arm   to   semi- 

circle overhead. 
In  position — Stand! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

7.  Stretch  left  arm  downw.,  risrht  upw.,  and  raise  lelf  leg  backw. — 1-2; 

same  opoosite — 3-4. 

8.  Stretch  arms  diag.,  and  raise  left  and  right  leg  sidew. 

LESSON  VII.     C.  OR  D. 

Grade  VI  will  take  "Wand  Exercises,"  page  58,  lessons  1-2-3,  in- 
stead of  lessons  7-8-9  of  this  series. 

1.  Raise    arms    forw.    with    touchstep    forw.    left — 1-2;    raise    arms    and 

touchstep  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 

2.  Raise  arms   forw.   upw.  with   touchstep  backw.  left — 1-2;   bend   arms 

invv.  with  cross-touchstep  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Raise  heels — 1-2  ;  bend  trunk  backw. — 3-4. 

4.  Bend  knees — 1-2;   bend  trunk  forw. — 3-4. 

5.  Turn  trunk  left  and  right,  stretching  arms  forw. 
Hands — Down ! 

6.  Raise  arms  forw.  with  bendkneestep  forw.  left  and  right. 

7.  Same,  but  sidew. 

8.  Raise  arms  diag.  (right  forw.,  left  backw.),  with  bendkneestep  backw. 

left — 1-2;    same,   opposite— -.".-4. 


—  51  — 

LESSON  VIII.     C.  OR  D. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw.  with  bendkneestep  forw.  left — 1-2 ;  raise  arms  forw. 

upw.  with  bendkneestep  backw.  left — 3-4.     Also  with  right  leg. 

2.  Raise    arms    sidew.    with    bendkneestep    sidew.    left — 1-2;    raise    arms 

sidew.  upw.  and  raise  heels — 3-4.     Also  with  right  leg.     (If  dumb- 
bells are  used,  raise  arms  forw.  upw.) 
Hands  behind  neck— Place!     (With  dumb-bells;  on  shoulders.) 

3.  Bend  knees — 1-2;  bend  trunk  backw. — 3-4. 

4.  Same,  but  bend  trunk  forw. 
Hands — Down! 

5.  Raise  arms  sidew.  left  and  right  with  bendkneestep  sidew. 
Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

6.  Raise  heels — 1-2  ;  bend  trunk  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same, — bending  sidew. 

right. 

7.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw.  and  bendkneestep  backw.  left — 1-2 ;  raise  arms 

sidew.  upw.  and  bendkneestep  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right 
leg. 

8.  Exercise  7  in  alternate  rows.     Odd  numbers  begin  with  1;  even  num- 

bers begin  with  3. 

LESSON  IX.     C. 

1.  Raise  arms  fnrw.  upw.  and  lunge  forw.  left  and  right. 

2.  Raise  arms  sidew.   upw.  and  lunge  sidew.  left  and  right. 
•Hands  behind  neck — Place! 

3     Bend  trunk  obliquely  backw.  left  and  right. 
4.     Same, — forw. 

Hands  backw. — Grasp! 
.').     Lun.uv  bncku.  left  and  right.      (Grade  VI,  raise  arms  forw.) 

6.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right,  raising  arms  to  circle  overhead. 

7.  In  alternate  rows:   Odd  numbers,  exercise  1;  even  numbers,  exercise  2. 

(Grade  VI  may  al><>  alternate  the  two  exercises  in  eight  counts.) 

LESSON  X.    C. 

1.  Raise   arms    forw.    and    touchstep    forw.    left — 1-2;    raise   arms    forw. 

upw.  and  lunge  forw.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 

2.  Raise  arms  sidew.  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 1-2;  raise  arms  sidew. 

upw.  and  lunge  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Stretch   arms   forw.   a'nd  touchstep  forw.   left — 1-2;  bend  trunk  back 

and  stretch  arms  upw. — 3-4.     Same  with  touchstep  right. 

4.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  touchstep  backw.  left — 1-2 ;  bend  trunk  downw. 

and  stretch  arms  downw.  (touching  toes) — 3-4.     Same  with  touch- 
step  right. 

5.  Lunge  backw.  left  and  right  and  stretch  arms  forw. 

6.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right,  and  stretch  arms  sidew. 

7.  Lunge  forw.  left  and  right,  and  stretch  arms  diag. 
Arms  to  strike — Raise! 

8.  Lunge  sidew.  left  and  right,  and  strike  sidew. 
Arms — Down ! 

LESSON  XI.     C. 

1.  Raise  arms  and  left  leg  forw — 1-2 ;  raise  arms  forw.  upw.  and  touch- 

step  backw.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 

2.  Raise  arms  and  left  leg  sidew — 1-2  •  raise  arms  sidew.  upw.  and  cross- 

tonchstep  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 


—  52  — 

Hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Stretch    arms    forw.    and    bend    knees — 1-2 ;    bend    trunk    backw.    and 

stretch  arms  upw. — 15-4. 

4.  Stretch   arms   outw.   and   bend   knees — 1-2;    bend    trunk   downvv.    and 

stretch  arms  dowmv.    (touch  toes) — 3-4. 
Hands — Down! 

5.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw.  and  the  left  leg  backw. — 1-2;  raise  arms  sidew. 

upw.  and  bendkne^step  backw.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

6.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1-2;  stretch  arms  outw.  and  bend 

trunk  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Also  bend  sidew.  right. 
Hands — Down ! 

7.  Raise  arms  diag.  and  left  leg  backw.,  raise  arms  forw.  and  bendknee- 

step  forw.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 

8.  Raise  arms  diag.  and  the  left  leg  sidew. — 1-2;  raise  arms  and  bend- 

kneestep  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same, — right. 

LESSON  XII.     D. 

All   exercises   from   starting  position:     "Arms  to   thrust." 

1.  Thrust  arms  forw.  and  raise  left  and  right  leg  forw. 

2.  Thrust  diag.  and  raise  left  and  right  leg  sidew. 

3.  Thrust    forw.    and   bend   knees — 1-2;   bend   trunk   backw.    and    thrust 

upw. — 3-4. 

4.  Same,  but  bend  trunk  and  thrust  downw. 

5.  Thrust  upw.  and  raise  right  and  left  leg  backw. 

6.  Thrust  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1-2;  turn  trunk  left  and  thrust  forw — 

3-4.     Same, — right. 

7.  Thrust  forw.  and  raise  left  and  right  knee. 

8.  Thrust  upw.  and  raise  left  and  right  foot  backw. 

LESSON  XIII.     D. 

All  exercises  from  starting  position:     "Arms  to  thrust." 

1.  Thrust  forw.  and  touchstep  forw.  left  and  right. 

2.  Thrust  upw.  and  touchstep  backw.  left  and  right. 
Stride  pos. — left  foot  forw. — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  forw.  with  thrusting  upw.  and  downw. 
Feet — Change! 

4.  Repeat   trunk   exercise. 
In  position — Stand! 

5.  Thrust  diag.  and  touchstep  sidew.  left  and  right. 
Stride  pos. — both  feet  sidew. — Place! 

6.  Turn  trunk  left  and  right  and  thrust  arms  forw. 
In  position — Stand! 

7.  Thrust   forw.   and   touchstep   forw.   left — 1-2;   thrust   diag.   and   bend- 

kneestep  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 

LESSON  XIV.     D. 

All  exercises  from  starting  oosition  :     "Arms  to  thrust." 

1.  Thrust  forw.  and  bendkneestep  forw.  left  and  right. 

2.  Thrust  diag.  and  bendkneestep  sidew.  left  and  right. 

3.  Thrust    upw.    and    raise    heels — 1-2 ;    bend    trunk    backw.    and    thrust 

upw. — 3-4. 

4.  Same,  but  bend  and  thrust  downw. 

5.  Thrust  upw.  and  bendkneestep  backw.  left  and  right. 

6.  Thrust  sidew.  and  bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 


—  53  — 

7.  Thrust  forw.  and  bendkneestep  forw.  left — 1-2 ;  thrust  diag.  and  bend- 

kneestep  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 

8.  Thrust  forw.  and  raise  left  knee — 1-2;  thrust  upw.  and  bendkneestep 

backw.   left — 3-4.      Same  with   right  leg. 

LESSON  XV.     C.  OR  D. 

Grade  VI  will  take  Wand  Exercises,  rages  59  and  60,  lessons  4-5-6, 
instead  of  15-16-17  of  this  series. 

If  dumb-bells  are  used,  place  hands  on  shoulders  in  Exercises  3  and 
4,  and  in  Exercise  6  raise  opposite  arm  to  semi-circle  overhead, 
the  other  hand  on  hip.     In  Exercise  2.  thrust  diag.  both  times. 
Arms  to  thrust — Bend! 

1.  Thrust  forw.  and  bendkneestep  forw.  left — 1-2 ;  thrust  upw.  and  hinge 

forw.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 

2.  Thrust    sidew.    and    bendkneestep    sidew.    left — 1-2;    thrust    diag.    and 

lunge  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 
Stride  pos. — left  foot  forw. — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  place  hands  behind  neck — 1-2;  same  bending 

forw. — 3-4. 
Feet— Change ! 

4.  Repeat   trunk  exercise. 
In  position — Stand! 
Arms  to  thrust — Bend! 

5.  Thrust    upw.    and    bendkneestep    backw.    left — 1-2;    thrust    forw.    and 

lun.ue   backw.   left— ::-4.      Same  with   right  leg. 

6.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  raise  arms  to  circle  overhead. 
In  position — Stand! 

Arms  to  thrust — Bend! 

7.  Lunge   forw.  left  and  right  and  thrust  diag. 

8.  Lunge  Mdew    left  and  right  and  thrust  diag. 

LESSON  XVI.     C  OK  1  >. 

When  hands  are  on  shoulders,  give  command  to  lower  arms  after 

each    exercise. 
Hands  on  shoulders— Place!     (Starting  pos.  for  Ex.   1-2-5-7-8.) 

1.  Raise  left  and  right  knee,  and  stretch  arms  forw. 

2.  Raise  left  and  right  foot  backw.,  and  stretch  arms  upw. 
Stride  pos. — left  foot  forw.  and  hands  on  hips — Place! 

3.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1-2;  bend  trunk  backw.  and  stretch 

arms  upw. — 3-4.     Same, — bending  forw.   and  stretching  downw. 
Feet — Change! 

4.  Repeat  Exercise  3. 
In  position — Stand! 

5.  Stretch  arms   forw.  and  raise  left  knee — 1-2 ;   stretch  arms  upw.  and 

raise   left   foot   inw. — 3-4.     Same, — right. 
Stride  pos. — both  feet  sidew.  and  hands  on  hips — Place! 

6.  Bend   left   knee    and    bend    trunk   sidew.    left — 1-2;    same,    right — 3-4. 
In  position — Stand! 

7.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1-2 ;  stretch  arms  outw.  and  bend 

knees — 3-4.      (If   dumb-bells   are    used,   command:     "Half   left — 
Face!"  before  beginning  the  exercise.) 

8.  Same,  in  alternate  rows ;  odd  numbers  begin  with  raising  heels ;  even, 

with  bending  knees. 


—  64  — 

LESSON  XVII.     C.  OR  D. 

Stride  pos.— left  foot  forw.  and  hands  on  shoulders— Place! 

1.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  bend  left  knee — 1-2;   stretch  forw.  and  bend 

right    (rear)   knee — 3-4. 
Feet — Change! 

(When  left  foot  moves  backw.,  lower  the  arms  and  replace  on  shoul- 
ders when  the  right  foot  moves  forw.) 

2.  Repeat  Exercise  1. 

Hands  on  hips — Place!     (Remaining  in  stride  position.) 

3.  Bend  right  knee  and  bend  trunk  forw. — 1-2;  bend  left  knee  and  bend 

trunk  backw. — 3-4. 
Feet — Change ! 

4.  Repeat  Exercise  3. 
In  position — Stand! 

Stride  pos. — both  feet  sidew.  and  hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

5.  Bend   left  and   right   knee   and   stretch   arms   diag. 

Hands  behind  neck — Place!     (Remaining  in  stride  position.) 

6.  Bend  left  and  right  knee  and  the  trunk  sidew.  left  and  right. 
In  position — Stand! 

Stride  pos. — left  foot  forw.  and  hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

7.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1-2;  stretch  arms  sidew.  and  bend 

both  knees — 3-4. 
Feet — Change ! 

8.  Repeat  Exercise  7  in  alternate  rows.     (See  previous  lesson.) 
In  position — Stand! 

LESSON  XVIII.     C.  OR  D. 

Starting  position  for  Exercises  1-2-4-6-7-8:     "Arms  to  thrust." 

1.  Thrust  sidew.  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 1-2;  thrust  upw.  and  lunge 

sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same,  with  right  leg. 

2.  Thrust  forw.   and  touchstep  forw.   left — 1-2;   thrust   upw.   and  lunge 

forw.  left — 3-4.     Same,  with  right  leg. 
Arms — Down! 

3.  Raise  arms  sidew.  upw.  to  a  circle  overhead  and  bend  trunk  backw. — 

1-2  ;  same  forw. — 3-4. 

4.  Thrust  upw.  and  touchstep  backw.  left — 1-2;  thrust  forw.  and  lunge 

backw.   left — 3-4.     Same,   with   right  leg. 
Arms — Down ! 

5.  Raise  right  arm  to  semi-circle  overhead,  place  left  hand  on  hip  and 

bend  trunk  sidew.  left — 1-2;  same,  opposite — 3-4. 

6.  Thrust  sidew.  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 1-2 ;  thrust  diag.  and  lunge 

sidew.   left — 3-4.     Same,   with   right  leg. 

7.  Thrust  forw.   and  touchstep   forw.   left — 1-2 ;   thrust  diag.   and  lunge 

forw.  left — 3-4.     Same,  with   right  leg. 

8.  Thrust    upw.    and    cross-touchstep    left — 1-2 ;    thrust    obliquely    forw. 

upw.  and  lunge  backw.  left — 3-4.     Same,  with  right  leg. 
NOTE. — If   dumb-bells   are   used,    let   odd   numbers   begin    with    the 
first,  and  the  even  with  the  second  part  of  Exercise  2 ;  in  Exer- 
cise 6,  thrust   upw.   on   first  count. 

LESSON  XIX.     C. 

Starting  position  for  all  exercises:     "Hands  on  shoulders." 
Lower  arms  after  each  exercise. 

1.     Stretch  arms  forw.  and  bendkneestep  forw.   left — 1-2;   stretch  sidew. 
and  lunge  forw.  left — 3-4.     Same,  with  right  leg. 


—  56  — 

2.  Stretch  arms  sidew.  and  bendkneestep  sidew.  left — 1-2;  stretch  upw. 

and  lunge  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same,  with  right  leg. 

3.  Stretch   arms   upw.    and   bend   trunk   backw. — 1-2 ;    stretch   upw.    and 

bend  forw. — 3-4.      (The  arms  must  be  alongside  the  head.) 

4.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  bendkneestep  backw.  left — 1-2;   stretch  forw. 

and  lunge  backw.  left — 3-4.     Same,  with  right  leg. 

5.  Stretch  upw.  and  bend  trunk  sidew.  left — 1-2;  same  to  the  right — 3-4. 

6.  Stretch    arms    sidew.    and   bend   knees — 1-2;    stretch    diag.   and   lunge 

sidew.    left — 3-4.      Same,    with    right   leg. 

7.  Stretch  arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1-2 ;  stretch  diag.  and  lunge  forw. 

left — 3-4.     Same,  with  ri^ht  leg. 

8.  Odd   numbers,   lunge   sidew.   left  and   right   and  stretch  arms   diag. ; 

even   numbers,   same   forw. 
(After  several  repetitions,  change.) 

LESSON  XX.     C. 

1.  Raise  arms  forw.   uwp.  and  raise  heels — 1-2 ;   raise  arms  forw.   upw. 

and  lunge  forw.  left — 3-4.     Same  with  right  leg. 

2.  Raise  arms  sidew.  upw.  and  bend  knees — 1-2 ;  raise  arms  sidew.  upw. 

and  lunge  sidew.  left — 3-4.     Same,  with  right  leg. 

3.  Raise  arms  obliquely  forw.  upw.  and  lunge  backw.  left  and  right. 

4.  Raise  arms  forw.  upw.  and  bend  trunk  backw. — 1-2 ;  same  forw. — 3-4. 

5.  Raise  arms  sidew.  upw.  and  bend  trunk  sidew  left  and  right 

6.  Raise  arms  forw.  and  bendkneestep  forw.  left — 1-2;  raise  arms  forw. 

upw.  and  lunge  backw.  right — 3-4.     Same,  opposite. 

7.  Raise  arms  and  hendkneestep  sidew.  left — 1-2;  raise  arms  sidew.  upw. 

and  lunge  sidew.  right — 3-4.     Same,  opposite. 

8.  Raise  arms  side.  upw.  and  bendkneestep  backw.  left — 1-2;  raise  arms 

fnrw.  upw.  and  lunge  forw.  right — 3-4.     Same,  opposite. 

WAND  EXERCISES. 

The  wands  for  school  use  are  of  wood,  30  to  36  inches  long  and 
1^  to  \Y4  inches  thick. 

The  lessons  in  the  following  series  are  arranged  specially  for  the 
school  room.  Since  the  space  between  the  desks  is  limited,  many  useful 
and  beneficial  exercises  are  necessarily  omitted. 

In  order  to  facilitate  the  work  of  the  class  teacher,  technical  terms 
are  not  used,  only  when  absolutely  necessary  the  wand  is  named.  The 
necessary  positions  of  the  arms  and  hands  are  given,  and  these,  in  most 
cases,  will  give  the  position  of  the  wand. 

Since  it  is  a  source  of  pleasure  to  pupils  to  "play  soldier,"  the  drill 
movements,  as  given  in  the  "Infantry  Drill  Regulations,"  are  given,  in  a 
modified  form,  and  should  frequently  be  practiced,  either  before  or  after 
the  regular  lesson. 

To  get  the  wands  and  to  return  them  after  use,  the  following  routine 
is  suggested : 

Begin  as  for  calisthenics. 

Place  the  crate  containing  the  wands  in  front  of  one  of  the  centre 
desks.  The  pupils  in  the  aisles  on  either  side  of  this  row  face  to  the  front, 
all  others  to  the  rear.  Those  facing  front  pass  forward,  and,  as  they  pass 
the  crate,  take  a  wand  and  carry  it  as  described  below.  They  then  pass 
to  the  outside  aisles  toward  the  rear,  and  from  there  to  their  respective- 
places  for  exercise. 

At  the  same  time,  those  facing  to  the  rear  pass  backward,  then  for- 
ward into  the  centre  aisles,  following  the  first  pupils,  each  going  to  the: 
assigned  place  for  exercise. 


—  56  — 

To  return  the  wands,  pupils  proceed  as  above,  replace  the  wands  in 
the  crate,  and  pass  to  the  regular  seats  in  the  same  way  as  IK- ton-. 

The  starting  position  for  all  lessons  is :  "Wand  low  in  front." 

The  wand  is  to  he  held  so  that  the  little  fingers  are  near  the  ends, 
and  grasped  with  the  whole  hand ;  the  wand  will  he  in  front,  touching 
the  thighs. 

Carrying  the  Wand:  Carry  the  wand  at  the  right  shoulder;  the 
lower  end  resting  on  the  first  phalanx  of  the  index  and  middle  linger,  the 
thumb,  ring  and  little  finger  closing  around  the  wand.  The  hand  is 
pressed  against  the  thigh  in  such  a  manner  that  the  back  of  the  hand  is 
toward  the  outside  ;  the  arm  is  extended.  The  upper  part  of  the  wand 
rests  in  the  depression  in  front  of  the  shoulder.  The  wand  should  be  verti- 
cal. To  bring  the  wand  to  the  starting  position  command :  Wand  low  in 
front — Place — 1-2-3!  On  the  first  count  the  left  hand  is  raised  sidew.  and 
upw.,  bent  over  the  head,  the  left  hand  grasping  the  upper  end  of  the 
wand  from  behind,'  the  little  finger  toward  the  end;  on  second  count  the 
left  arm  is  lowered,  and  on  the  third  count  the  right  hand  changes  to  the 
regular  hold. 

To  return  the  wand,  proceed  in  reverse  order. 

In  many  exercises  it  is  impossible  to  hold  the  wand  firmly  at  both 
ends,  as  in  ''Arms  sidew.,"  or  "Arms  crossed  in  front."  Pupils  should  be 
instructed  to  let  one  or  both  hands  glide  easily  toward  the  center  as  far 
as  may  be  necessary,  but  holding  the  wand  firmly  whenever  it  is  possible 
to  do  so. 

The  few  exercises  in  which  it  is  deemed  advisable  to  name  the  wand 
are : 

(a)  W and  behind  shoulders.     The  wand  passes  over  the  head  and 
down  to  about  three  inches  below  the  top  of  the  shoulders,  and  is  pressed 
firmly  against  the  back.     The  wand  is  horizontal. 

(b)  Wand  loiv  behind.     As  far  as  it  is  possible,  the  wand  is  held 
the  same  as  when  "Low  in  front,"  excepting  that  it  is  behind  the  thighs. 
To  reach  the  position,  the  wand  must  be  passed  overhead  and  backwards. 

INFANTRY  DRILL  REGULATIONS, 

•  UNITED  STATES  ARMY   (1891). 
(Slightly  modified  for  drill  with  the  wand.) 

I.     Position  of  "Carry  Arms." 

The  end  of  the  wand  rests  on  the  first  phalanx  of  the  middle  and 
index  fingers;  the  thumb,  ring  and  little  fingers  closing  around 
it;  the  finger-tips  are  pressed  against  the  thigh,  the  knuckles 
turned  outward;  the  arm  is  extended;  the  wand  is  vertical,  the 
upper  part  resting  in  the  hollow  in  front  of  the  shoulder. 
II.  Being  at  the  Carry — Command:  Order — Arms! 

(One)  Grasp  wand  with  the  left  hand,  the  forearm  being  hori- 
zontal across  the  body,  let  go  with  the  right  hand ;  lower  the 
wand  with  the  left,  regrasp  with  the  right  hand  near  the  thigh ; 
the  end  of  the  wand  is  about  three  inches  from  the  floor ;  the  left 
forearm  is  extended  downward  and  inward,  wrist  and  fingers 
straight.  (Two)  Lower  the  wand  gently  with  the  right  hand, 
end  of  wand  near  the  right  foot,  drop  the  left  hand  by  the  side, 
and  stand  in  position  of  "Order — Arms!" 
III.  Being  at  the  Order — Command:  Carry — Arms! 

(One)  Raise  the  wand  vertically  with  the  right  hand,  grasp  with 
left  below  right,  change  right  to  end  and  resume  the  carry. 
(Two)  Drop  left  hand. 


—  57  — 

IV.^  Being  at  the  Order— Command :     Parade— Best! 

Carry  the  right  foot  six  inches  straight  to  the  rear,  left  knee 
slightly  bent,  carry  the  upper  end  of  wand  in  front  of  center  of 
the  body;  grasp  the  upper  end  with  left  hand  just  above  the 
right. 

At  the  command:  In  position— Stand!  Resume  position  of  the 
Order,  the  right  foot  being  replaced  and  the  left  hand  dropped 
to  the  side. 

V.     Being-  at  the  Carry — Command:     Present — Arms! 

(One)  (irasp  the  wand  with  the  left  hand  about  twelve  inches 
above  the  right  and  carry  it  in  front  of  the  center  of  the  body, 
the  left  forearm  being  horizontal  and  resting  against  the  body. 
(Two)  Change  the  right  hand  so  that  the  little  finger  will  be 
toward  the  end  of  the  wand,  thumb  above,  knuckles  in  front. 

At  the  command:  Carry — Arms!  (One)  Resume  the  Carry. 
(Two)  Drop  left  hand. 

VI.    Being  at  the  Carry  or  Order — Command:  Bight  shoulder — Arms! 

( ( )ne  )  Raise  the  wand  vertically  with  the  right  hand,  grasp  it  with 
the  left  about  twelve  inches  from  the  end,  and  raise  this  hand 
until  it  is  at  the  height  of  the  chin;  at  the  same  time  grasp  the 
wand  with  the  right  hand  at  the  end.  (Two)  Place  wand  on 
the  shoulder ;  the  right  forearm  is  horizontal,  elbow  close  to  the 
body:  the  wand  is  directed  backward,  upward,  and  slightly  in- 
ward. (Three)  Drop  left  hand. 

VII.     Being  at  the  Bight  Shoulder — Command:     Carry — Arms! 

(One)  Lower  the  wand  with  the  right  hand;  grasp  it  with  the 
left  (as  One,  VI),  hand  at  height  of  chin.  (Two)  Resume  the 
Carry.  (Three)  Drop  left  hand. 

VIII.     Being  at  the  Bight  Shoulder — Command:     Order — Arms! 

(One)  Take  same  position  as  One,  in  VII.  (Two)  Lower  the  wand 
with  left  hand,  at  same  time  regrasping  it  with  right  near  the 
middle,  and  lower  it  to  about  three  inches  from  the  floor. 
(  Three)  Take  position  of  "Order— Arms!"  as  in  II. 

IX.     Being  at  the  Carry  or  Order — Command:     Port — Arms! 

<  ( )ne  )  Raise  and  throw  the  wand  diagonally  across  the  body, 
,nra>]>  it  smartly  with  both  hands,  the  right,  palm  down,  about 
six  inches  from  the  end,  the  left,  palm  up,  about  ten  inches 
higher,  wand  sloping  to  the  left,  crossing  the  middle  of  left 
shoulder;  right  forearm  horizontal;  wand  near  the  body. 

To  resume  the  Carry — Command:     Carry — Arms! 

(One)    Return  m  position  of  "Carry — Arms!"     (Two)   Drop  left 

hand. 

To  resume  the  Order — Command:     Order — Arms! 
Take  the  second  and  third  positions  of  Order  from  right  shoulder, 

(VIII). 
X.     Being  at  the  Bight  Shoulder — Command:     Port — Arms! 

(One)    Lower   the    wand   with    right   hand,   grasp   it   with    left   at 

height    of    chin.       (Two)     Take    position    of    "Port— Arms!", 

changing  right  hand. 
To   return   to   Bight  Shoulder — Command:     Bight  shoulder — 

Arms! 
(One)    Change  the  right  hand  and  carry  wand  with  left  hand  to 

shoulder.     (Two)   Drop  left  hand. 


—  58  — 

WAND  EXERCISES— SIXTH  GRADE. 
LESSON  I. 

Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Arms    forw.    and    touchstep    forw.    left— 1-2 !      Same,    with    touchstep 

right— 3-4 ! 

2.  Arms   upw.   and   touchstep   backw.   left — 1-2 !      Same,    with   touchstep 

right— 3-4  ! 
Arms  upw. — Bend! 

3.  Bend  trunk  forw. — 1-2 !     Bend  trunk  backw.  and  stretch  arms   upw. 

—3-4! 
Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

4.  Arms  sidew.  left  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 1-2!     Same,  right — 3-4! 

5.  Arms   upw.   and  bend   trunk   sidew.   left — 1-2 !     Same,  bending  right 

—3-4! 

6.  Arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1-2 !     Arms  forw.  and  bend  knees — 3-4 ! 

7.  Exercise   6   in   alternate    rows.      Odd   numbers   begin   with    1-2,   even 

numbers  with  3-4. 
Wand  at  right  shoulder — Place! 

LESSON  II. 

Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Arms  upw.  and  raise  left  knee — 1-2  !     Same,  right — 3-4  ! 

2.  Left    arm    upw.,    right    hand    at    left    shoulder,    and    raise    left    foot 

backw. — 1-2  !     Same,  opposite — 3-4  ! 
Wand  behind  shoulders — Place! 

3.  Bend  trunk  backw.— 1-2  !    Bend  forw.— 3-4  ! 
Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

4.  Left  arm  sidew.,  right  upw.,  and  raise  the  left  leg  sidew. — 1-2 !     Same, 

opposite — 3-4 ! 

5.  Turn  trunk  left,  arms  forw.,  right  up,  and  left  down — 1-2 !     Same,  op- 

posite— 3-4 ! 

6.  Arms  upw.  and  bendkneestep  backw.  left — 1-2!     Same,  right — 3-4! 

7.  Arms  sidew.  left,  and  bendkneestep  sidew.  left — 1-2 !    Same,  right — 3-4 ! 

8.  Arms   forw.,  left  up,   right  down,  and  bendkneestep   forw.   left — 1-2! 

Same,  right  (right  arm  up) — 3-4! 
Wand  at  right  shoulder — Place! 

LESSON  III. 

Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Left  arm  upw.,  right  hand  at  left  shoulder,  and  bendkneestep  backw. 

left — 1-2!     Same,  right  (right  arm  up) — 3-4! 

2.  Left   arm    sidew.,    right   hand   on   left   hip,   and   bendkneestep   sidew. 

left — 1-2  !     Same,  opposite — 3-4  ! 

3.  Wand  behind  shoulders  and  bend  trunk  backw. — 1-2!     Same,  bending 

forw. — 3-4 ! 

4.  Left    arm    forw.,    right    hand    on    left    hip,    and    bendkneestep    forw. 

left — 1-2!     Same,  opposite — 3-4! 

5.  Wand    behind    shoulders    and    bend    trunk    sidew.    left — 1-2!      Same, 

right— 3-4 ! 

6.  Arms  upw.  and  lunge  forw.  left — 1-2!     Same,  right — 3-4! 

7.  Left  arm  upw.,  right  sidew.,  and  -lunge  sidew.  left — 1-2 !     Same,  op- 

posite— 3-4 ! 

8.  Arms    forw.,    left   upw.,    right    downw.,    and   lunge   backw.    left — 1-2 ! 

Same,  right   (right  up)— 3-4! 
Wand  at  right  shoulder — Place! 


—  69  — 

LESSON  IV. 

Wand  low  in  front  —  Place! 

1.  Left  arm  forw.,  right  hand  under  left  shoulder,  and  raise  the  left  leg 

forw.  —  1-2!     Right  arm  forw.  and  raise  right  leg  —  3-4! 

2.  Arms    sidew.    left,    and    raise    left    leg    sidew.  —  1-2!      Same,    to    the 

right—  3-4  ! 

3.  Arms  crossed,  left  over  right,  and  bend  trunk  backw.  —  1-2!      Same, 

right  over  left,  and  bend  forw.  —  3-4  ! 

4.  Arms  upw.  and  raise  heels  —  1-2  !     Arms  crossed,  left  over  right,  and 

bend  knees  —  3-4!      (In  the  repetitions  cross  the  arms  alternately, 
left  over  right,  and  right  over  left.) 

5.  Arms  crossed,  right  over  left,  and  bend  trunk  sidew.  left  —  1-2  !     Same, 

but  left  over  right,  and  bend  right  —  3-4  ! 

6.  Arms  upw.  and  raise  left  knee  forw.  —  1-2  !     Left  arm  upw.,  right  hand 

at  left  shoulder,  and  raise  left  leg  backw.  —  3-4!     Same,  right. 

7.  Arms  sidew.  left  and  raise  left  leg  sidew.  —  1-2  !     Left  arm  upw.,  right 

sidew.,  and  raise  left  foot  inw.  —  3-4  !     Same,  right. 

8.  Arms   forw.   and    raise  left  leg  forw.  —  1-2  !     Wand  behind   shoulders 

and  raise  left  foot  backw.  —  3-4  !     Same,  right. 

Wand  at  right  shoulder  —  Place! 

LESSON  V. 

Wand  low  in  front  —  Place! 

1.     Left  arm  obliquely  sidew.  downw.,  right  hand  at  chest,  and  bendknee- 
sidew.  left—  1-2!     Same,  to  the  right—  3-4! 


2.  Left  arm  obliquely  backw.,  right  hand  at  left  shoulder,  and  bendknee- 

step  backw.  left—  1-2!     Same,  on  the  right  side—  3-4  ! 

3.  Loft  arm  forw.,  right  hand  on  left  hip,  and  bendkneestep  forw.—  1-2! 

Same,  on  the  right  side  —  3-4  ! 

4.  Arms    crossed,    left    over    right,    and    raise    heels  —  1-2!      Bend    trunk 

backw.,  arms  upw.  —  3-4  ! 

5.  Cross  right  arm  over  left  and  raise  heels  —  1-2!     Bend  trunk  forw., 

wand  behind  shoulders  —  3-4! 

6.  Right  arm  upw.,  left  hand  at  right  shoulder,  and  bend  trunk  sidew. 

left—  1-2  !     Same,  to  the  other  side—  3-4  ! 

7.  Arms   upw.   and   raise  heels  —  1-2!     Left  arm  obliquely  backw.,   right 

hand  at  left  shoulder,  and  bendkneestep  backw.  left  —  3-4  !     Same, 
with  right  backw. 

8.  Arms   forw.,  left  hand  up,   right  down,  and  bend  knees  —  1-2!     Left 

arm  obliquely  sidew.  downw.,  right  hand  at  chest,  and  bendknee- 
step sidew.  left  —  3-4!     Same,  to  the  right. 

Wand  at  right  shoulder—  Place! 


—  60  — 

LKSSOX   VI. 
Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Left  arm  obliquely  sidew.  upw.,  right  hand  at  chest,  and  lunge-  sidew 

left— 1-2  !     Same,  opposite— :;-4  ! 

2.  Right  arm  obliquely  forw.   upw.,  left  hand  at  chest,  and  lunge  forw. 

left — 1-2  !     Same,  ooposite — 3-4  ! 

3.  Arms  forw.,  left  down,  right  up,  and  lunge  backw.  left — 1-2!     Same, 

opposite — 3-4 ! 

4.  Arms  upw.  and  bend  trunk  backw. — 1-2 !     Same,  bending  forw. — 3-4 ! 

(Arms  must  be  alongside  the  head  both  times.) 

5.  Turn  trunk  to  the  left,  left  arm  forw.,  right  hand  under  shoulder — 1-2 ! 

Same,  opposite — 3-4! 

6.  Right  arm  obliquely  sidew.   downw.,  left  hand  over  shoulder    (wand 

behind    right   shoulder),    and   lunge   sidew.    left — 1-2!      Same,    op- 
posite— :!-4 ! 

7.  Same  as  Exercise  6,  but  the  straight  arm  extended  backw.,  lunging 

forw. 

8.  Exercises  6  and  7  in  alternate  rows. 
Wand  low  in  front — Place! 


-  61  — 

DUMBBELLS. 

The  dumbbells  that  are  used  in  these  grades  are  of  iron  and  weigh 
approximately  one  pound. 

While  all  freehand  exercises  can  be  executed  with  dumbbells,  some  are 
better  adapted  for  their  use  than  others. 

In  the  following  series  the  lessons  that  are  not  well  adapted  for  the 
use  of  dumbbells  are  marked  "C"  (Calisthenics),  while  those  especially  pre- 
pared are  marked  "D"  (  Dumbbells).  Lessons  marked  "D"  or  "C"  may  be 
taken  with  or  without  the  bells. 

The  position  of  the  hands  holding  the  bells  is  always  the  same  as  for 
freehand  exercises. 

An  exercise  well  adapted  for  dumbbells,  but  which  does  not  appear  in 
the  lesson-,  is  "Arm  rotation." 

Teachers  may  insert  it  at  will  in  the  middle  or  at  the  close  of  the  les- 
son. Hold  the  bells  in  any  given  position,  and  turn  the  hand  from  pro- 
nation  to  supination.  and  reverse.  Do  not  let  the  arms  be  in  the  same 
position  too  long,  as  the  arms  will  tire  quickly.  Change  the  arm  position 
after  N  to  1:2  counts. 

To  get  the  dumbbells  before,  and  to  return  them  after  the  lesson, 
the  following  routine  is  suggested: 

Place  the  boxes  in  front  of  the  front  desks  of  the  two  outer  sections; 
proceed  as  for  calisthenics,  but  instead  of  every  other  line  facing  the  rear, 
have  all  face  about  except  those  in  the  two  center  aisles.  The  pupils  in 
these  aisles  pavs  forward  across  the  front  of  the  room  toward  their  re- 
spective boxes,  take  a  pair  of  dumbbells,  pass  down  the  aisle  nearest  the 
wall,  to  the  rear  of  the  room,  and  proceed  to  the  places  assigned  them  for 
gymnastics.  The  other  pupils  follow,  passing  forward  in  the  center  aisles, 
and  proceeding  to  their  respective  nlaces. 

Return  the  bells  in  the  same  way. 

The  pupils  should  place  hands  on  hips  as  soon  as  they  have  their  bells, 
and  retain  them  there  until  directed  otherwise. 

WAND  EXERCISES. 

The  wands  for  school  use  are'of  wood,  thirty  to  thirty-six  inches  long, 
and  I'*  to  1!4  inches  thick. 

The  lessons  in  the  following  series  are  arranged  specially  for  the 
school  room.  Since  the  sp.--.ce  between  the  desks  is  limited,  many  useful 
and  beneficial  exercises  are  necessarily  omitted. 

In  order  to  facilitate  the  work  of  the  class  teacher,  technical  terms  are 
not  used:  only  when  absolutely  necessary  the  wand  is  named.  The  neces- 
sary positions  of  the  arms  and  hands  are  given,  and  these,  in  most  cases, 
will  give  the  position  of  the  wand. 

Since  it  is  a  source  of  pleasure  to  pupils  to  "plav  soldier,"  the  drill 
movements.  :^  given  in  the  "Infantry  Drill  Regulations,"  are  given,  in  a 
modified  form,  and  should  frequently  be  practiced,  either  before  or  after 
the  regular  lesson. 

To  get  the  wands  and  to  return  them  after  use,  the  following  routine 
ifl  -ingested: 

lU-gin  as  for  calisthenics. 

Place  the  crate  containing  the  wands  in  front  of  one  of  the  center 
desks.  The  pupils  in  the  aisles  on  either  side  of  this  row  face  to  the  front, 
all  others  to  the  rear.  Those  facing  front  pass  forward,  and,  as  they  pass 
the  crate,  take  a  wand  and  carry  it  as  described  below.  They  then  pass 
to  the  outside  aisles  toward  the  rear,  and  from  there  to  their  respective 
places  for  exercise. 


—  62  — 

At  the  same  time,  those  facing  to  the  rear  pass  hackward,  then  forward 
into  the  center  aisles,  following  the  first  pupils,  eath  going  to  the  assigned 
place  for  exercise. 

To  return  the  wands,  pupils  proceed  as  above,  replace  the  wands  in  the 
crate,  and  pass  to  the  regular  seats  in  the  same  way  as  before. 

The  starting  position  for  all  lessons  is :     "Wand  low  in  front." 

The  wand  is  to  be  held  so  that  the  little  fingers  are  near  the  ends,  and 
grasped  with  the  whole  hand ;  the  wand  will  be  in  front,  touching  the 
thighs. 

Carrying  the  Wand:  Carry  the  wand  at  the  right  shoulder;  the 
lower  end  resting  on  the  first  phalanx  of  the  index  and  middle  finger,  the 
thumb,  ring  and  little  finger  closing  around  the  wand.  The  hand  is  pressed 
against  the  thigh  in  such  a  manner  that  the  back  of  the  hand  is  toward 
the  outside;  the  arm  is  extended.  The  upper  part  of  the  wand  rests 
in  the  depression  in  front  of  the  shoulder.  The  wand  should  be  vertical. 
To  bring  the  wand  to  the  starting  postition,  command :  Wand  low  in 
front — Place — 1-2-3!  On  the  first  count  the  left  hand  is  raised  sidew.  and 
upw.,  bent  over  the  head,  the  left  hand  grasping  the  upper  end  of  the  wand 
from  behind,  the  little  finger  toward  the  end;  on  second  count  the  left 
arm  is  lowered,  and  on  the  third  Count  the  right  hand  changes  to  the  regu- 
lar hold. 

To  return  the  wand,  proceed  in  reverse  order. 

In  many  exercises  it  is  impossible  to  hold  the  wand  firmly  at  both 
ends,  as  in  "Arms  sidew."  or  "Arms  crossed  in  front."  Pupils  should  be 
instructed  to  let  one  or  both  hands  glide  easily  toward  the  center  as  far 
as  may  be  necessary,  but  holding  the  wand  firmly  whenever  it  is  possible 
to  do  so. 

The  few  exercises  in  which  it  is  deemed  advisable  to  name  the  wand 
are: 

(a)  Wand  behind  shoulders.  The  wand  passes  over  the  head  and 
down  to  about  three  inches  below  the  top  of  the  shoulders,  and  is  pressed 
firmly  against  the  back.  The  wand  is  horizontal. 

(&)  Wand  low  behind.  As  far  as  it  is  possible,  the  wand  is  held 
the  same  as  when  "Low  in  front,"  excepting  that  it  is  behind  the  thighs. 
To  reach  the  position  the  wand  must  be  passed  overhead  and  backwards. 

INFANTRY  DRILL  REGULATIONS. 

UNITED  STATES  ARMY  (1891). 
(Slightly  modified  for  drill  with  the  wand.) 

I.     Position  of  "Carry  Arms." 

The  end  of  the  wand  rests  on  the  first  phalanx  of  the  middle 
and  index  fingers ;  the  thumb,  ring  and  little  fingers  closing 
around  it;  the  finger-tips  are  pressed  against  the  thigh,  the 
knuckles  turned  outward ;  the  arm  is  extended  :  the  wand  is  verti- 
cal, the  upper  part  resting  in  the  hollow  in  front  of  the  shoulder. 
II.  Being  at  the  Carry — Command:  Order — Arms! 

(One)  Grasp  wand  with  left  hand,  the  forearm  being  horizontal 
across  the  body,  let  go  with  the  right  hand ;  lower  the  wand 
with  the  left,  regrasp  with  the  right  hand  near  the  thigh  ;  the  end 
of  the  wand  is  about  three  inches  from  the  floor ;  the  left  fore- 
arm is  extended  downward  and  inward,  wrist  and  fingers  straight. 
(Two)  Lower  the  wand  gently  with  the  right  hand,  end  of  wand 
near  the  right  foot,  drop  the  left  hand  by  the  side,  and  stand  in 
position  of  "Order— Arms!" 


—  63  — 

III.  Being  at  the  Order — Command:     Carry — Arms! 

(One)  Raise  the  wand  vertically  with  the  right  hand,  grasp  with 
left  below  right,  change  right  to  end,  and  resume  the  Carry. 
(Two)  Drop  left  hand. 

IV.  Being  at  the  Order — Command:     Parade — Best! 

Carry  the  right  foot  six  inches  straight  to  the  rear,  leit  knee 
slightly  bent,  carry  the  upper  end  of  wand  in  front  of  center  of 
the  body;  grasp  the  upper  end  with  the  left  hand  just  above  the 
right. 

At   the   command:      In   position — Stand!      Resume    position    of 
the  Order,  the  left  foot  being  replaced,  and  the  left  hand  dropped 
to  the  si(k\ 
V.     Being  at  the  Carry — Command:     Present — Arms! 

(One)  Grasp  the  wand  with  the  left  hand  about  twelve  inches 
above  the  right,  and  carry  it  in  front  of  the  center  of  the  body, 
the  left  forearm  being  horizontal  and  resting  against  the  body. 
(Two)  Change  the  right  hand  so  that  the  little  finger  will  be 
toward  the  end  of  the  wand,  thumb  above,  knuckles  in  front. 

At    the    command:     Carry— Arms!      (One)    Resume    the    Carry. 

(Two)  Drop  left  hand. 
VI.    Being  at  the  Carry  or  Order — Command :  Bight  shoulder — Arms! 

(One)  Raise  the  wand  vertically  with  the  right  hand,  grasp  it  with 
the  left  about  twelve  inches  from  the  end,  and  raise  this  hand 
until  it  is  at  the  height  of  the  chin  :  at  the  same  time  grasp  the 
wand  with  the  right  hand  at  the  end.  (Two)  Place  wand  on  the 
shoulder;  the  right  forearm  is  horizontal,  elbow  close  to  the, 
body;  the  wand  is  directed  backward,  upward,  and  slightly  in- 
ward. (  Three)  Drop  left  hand. 
VII.  Being  at  the  Bight  Shoulder — Command:  Carry — Arms! 

Lower  tin-  wand   with   the  right  hand;  grasp  it  with  the  left   (as 
One,  VI)    hand  at   height   of  chin.     (Two)    Resume  the  Carry. 
(Three)  Drop  left  hand. 
VIII.     Being  at  the  Bight  Shoulder — Command:     Order — Arms! 

(One)    Take    -aim-   position   as   One,   in   VII.      (Two)    Lower  the 
wand   with    the   left   hand,   at   the   same   time   regrasping  it  with 
right  near  the  middle,  and  lower  it  to  about  three  inches  from  the 
floor.     (  Three  )  Take  position  of  " Order— Arms!"  as  in  II. 
IX.     Being  at  the  Carry  or  Order — Command:     Port — Arms! 

(One)  Raise  and  throw  the  wand  diagonally  across  the  body,  grasp 
it  smartly  with  both  hands,  the  right,  palm  down,  about  six 
inches  from  the  end,  the  left,  palm  up,  about  ten  inches  higher, 
wand  sloping  to  the  left,  crossing  the  middle  of  left  shoulder; 
right  forearm  nori/ontal  ;  wand  near  the  body. 

To   resume    the   Carry — Command:     Carry — Arms! 

(One)  Return  to  position  of  "Carry— Arms!"  (Two)  Drop  left 
hand. 

To  resume  the  Order — Command:     Order — Arms! 

Take  the  second  and  third  position  of  Order  from  right  shoulder, 

(VIII). 
X.     Being  at  the  Bight  Shoulder — Command:     Port — Arms! 

( ( )ne )  Lower  the  wand  with  right  hand,  grasp  it  with  left  at 
height  of  chin.  (Two)  Take  position  of  "Port — Arms!", 
changing  right  hand. 

To  return  to  Bight  Shoulder — Command:  Bight  shoulder — 
Arms! 

(One)  Change  the  right  hand,  and  carry  wand  with  left  hand  to 
shoulder.  (Two)  Drop  left  hand. 


—  64  — 

SEVENTH   AND  EIGHTH  (iRADES. 

NOTE.— Tlie  prelimianry  exercises  which  are  to  precede  every  "lesson, 
may  consist  of  the  different  facings,  arm  positions,  stepping  one  or  more 
steps  forw.,  backw.,  or  sidew. 

A  breathing  exercise  should  terminate  every  lesson  if  the  air  in  the 
room  is  pure. 

Frequently  call  attention  to  correct  standing. 

Arrange  the  pupils  according  to  size  and  sex. 

After  the  first  lesson  the  commands  are  not  given  in  full,  the  move- 
ments are  only  indicated.  The  teacher,  however,  must  give  the  commands 
for  each  movement  separately,  as  shown  in  the  first  lesson. 

LKSSON  T.     C. 

1.  Raise  arms  and  tonchstep  forw.  left — 1. !     Raise  arms  npw.  and  touch- 

step  hackw.   left— 2!     Ret.   to  pos.— 3-4  !     Begin— 1-2-3-4  !     Same, 
right !     Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 

2.  Raise  arms  sidew.  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 1 !     Raise  arms  upw.  and 

cross-torchstep  left — 2!    Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Begin — 1-2-3-4!    Same, 
right !     Begin — 1-2-3-4  ! 

3.  Raise    arms    forw. — 1  !      Bend    trunk    hackw. — 2  !      Ret.    to    pos. — 3-4  !< 

Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 

4.  Same,  but  bend  trunk  forw.     Begin — 1-2-3-4  ! 

f>.  Raise  arms  and  touchstep  forw.  left — 1  !  Raise  arms  upw.  and  bend- 
kneestep  backw.  left— 2  !  Ret.  to  pos.— 3-4 !  Begin— 1-2-3-4  !  Same, 
right !  Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 

<].  Raise  arms  .sidew. — 1  !  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left — 2  !  Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4  ! 
Begin-^-1-2-3-4  !  Same,  right!  Begin— 1-2-3-4  ! 

7.  Raise  arms  sidew.  and  bendkneestep  sidew.  left — 1 !     Raise  arms  upw. 

and   cross-touchstep   sidew.   left — 2  !      Ret.   to   pos. — 3-4  !      Begin — 
1-2-3-4!      Same,  right!     Begin— 1-2-3-4 ! 

8.  Raise   arms   and   bendkneestep   forw.   left — 1  !     Raise   arms   upw.   and 

touchstep  backward,  left — 2!     Ret.  to  pos. — 3-4!     Begin — 1-2-3-4! 
Same,  right !     Begin — 1-2-3-4  ! 

LESSON  II.     C. 

1.  Raise   arms   and   left   leg   forw. — 1  !      Swing   arms   sidew.   and   touch- 

step  sidew.— 2!     Return— 3-4  !     Same,  right. 

2.  Raise  arms  and  left  leg  sidew. — 1 !  Raise  arms  upw.  and  cross-touch- 

step  sidew. — 2  !     Return — 3-4  !     Same,  right. 

3.  Raise  arms  sidew. — 1  !     Bend  trunk  backw.   and  bend  arms   inw. — 2 ! 

Return— 3-4  ! 

4.  Same,  but  bend  trunk  forw. 

5.  Raise  arms  and  the  left  leg  forw — 1  !  Raise  arms  upw.  and  touchstep 

backw.— 2!     Return— 3-4  !     Same,  right. 

6.  Raise  arms  and  the  left  leg  forw. — 1  !     Arms  diagonally  and  bendknee- 

step backw. — 2  !     Return — 3-4  !     Same,  right. 

7.  Raise    arms    sidew — 1 !      Beifd    trunk    sidew.    left,    and    hands    behind 

neck — 2  !     Return — 3-4  !     Same,  right. 

s.  Raise  arms  and  the  left  leg  forw. — 1 !  Arms  diagonally  and  bendknee- 
step sidew. — 2  !  Return — 3-4  !  Same,  right. 


—  65  — 

LESSON  III.     WANDS. 

Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1 ;  stretch  forw.  and  touchstep  forw. — 2  ;   return — 

::-4.     Same,  with  touchstep  right. 

2.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1 ;  stretch  upw.  and  touchstep  backw. — 2  ;  return — 

3-4.     Same,  with  touchstep  right. 

3.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1 ;  bend  trunk  backw.  and  stretch  upw. — 2 ;  return — 

3-4. 

4.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1 ;  bend  trunk  forw.  and  stretch  forw. — 2 ;  return — 

3-4.      (Arms   in  line   with   trunk.) 

5.  Bend  arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1 ;  stretch  forw.  and  bend  knees — 

2;  return — 3-4. 

6.  Bend   arms   upw. — 1 ;    stretch    forw.,    left   hand    down,    right   up,   and 

turn  trunk  to  the  left — :.' :  return — 3-4.     Same,  turning  right  (right 
hand  down). 

7.  Bend  arms   upw. — 1;   stretch   upw.   and  bendkneestep   backw.   left — 2; 

return — 3-4.     Same,  with  bendkneestep  right. 

8.  Bend    arms    upw. — 1  ;    stretch    forw..    left    hand    up,    right    down,    and 

bendkneestep    forw.    left — 2;    return — 3-4.      Same,   but   right   hand 
up  and  bendkneestep  right. 
Wand  at  right  shoulder — Place! 

LKSSON  IV.     WANDS. 

Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Arms    forw. — 1;    arms    sidew.    left   and    touchstep    sidew.   left — 2;    re- 

turn—3-4.     Same,  right. 

2.  Arm<  sidew.  left — 1;  arms  upw.  and  bend  knees — 2;  return — 3-4. 

::.      Arm-  crossed  left  over  right — 1:  bend  trunk  backw.  and  arms  upw. — 

2;  return — 3-4. 
4.     Arms  upw. —  1  ;  arms  iTi»-*ed  right  over  left  and  bend  trunk  forw. — 2; 

return — .'5-4. 
r>.     Arms    sidew.    left   and    bendkneestep    sidew.    left — 1  ;    arms    upw.    and 

cross-touchstep — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 
(>      Arms   upw. —  1;   arms   crossed   right  over  left  and  bend  trunk  sidew. 

left — 2;  return — :;-4.     Same,  to  the  right   (left  over  right). 

7.  Arms    forw.   and   touchstep   forw.   left — 1  ;   arms   upw.   and  bendknee- 

step backw.  left — 2;  return — 3-4.     Same,  with  right  leg. 

8.  Arms  upw.  and  touchstep  backw.  left;  arms  crossed  left  over  right, 

and  bendkneestep  forw.  left — 2 ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  with  right  leg. 
Wand  at  right  shoulder — Place! 

LESSON  V.     WANDS. 

Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Left  arm  forw..  right  hand  under  shoulder  and  touchstep  forw.  left — 

1;  arms  upw.  and  lunge  forw. — 2;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

2.  Arms  crossed   left  over   right  and   cross-touchstep   left — 1;   left  arm 

obliquely  sidew.  upw..  right  hand  at  chest,  and  lunge  sidew.  left — 
2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  opposite. 

3.  Arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1 ;   wand  behind  shoulders,  lower  heels 

and  bend  trunk  forw. — 2  ;  return — 3-4. 

4.  Same,  but  bend  trunk  backw. 

5.  Arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1 ;  arms  forw.,  left  up,  right  down,  and 

lunge  backw.   left — 2;   return — 3-4.      Same,   right    (right  arm   up). 

6.  Arms  forw.  and  bend  knees — 1 ;  arms  upw.,  stretch  knees  and  bend 

trunk  sidew.  left — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 


—  66  — 

7.  Arms    upw.    and    lunge    forw.    left — 1 ;    wand    behind    shoulders    and 

change  knee-bending — 2  ;   return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

8.  Arms  upw.  and  lunge  sidew.  left — 1;  left  arm  obliquely  sidew.  downw., 

right  hand  over  shoulder  (wand  behind  left  shoulder),  and  change 
knee-bending — 2;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

9.  Arms  forw.,  left  up,  right  down,  and  lunge  backw.  left — 1 ;  left  arm 

upw.,   right  hand  at  left   shoulder,   and   change  knee-bending — 2 ; 
return — 3-4.     Same,  opposite. 
Wand  at  right  shoulder — Place! 

LESSON  VI.    WANDS. 

Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Left   arm    forw.,    right   hand    under   left   shoulder,    and   bendkneestep 

forw.  left — 1;   arms   upw.,   closestep  and  raise  heels — 2;   return — 
3-4.     Same,  right. 

2.  Arms    sidew.    and    bendkneestep    sidew.    left — 1 ;    arms    upw.,    close- 

step  and  raise  heels — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right.  • 

3.  Right  hand  on  hip,  left  arm  overhead  and  bendkneestep  backw.  left — 

1  ;   arms   upw.,   closestep   and   raise  heels — 2 ;   return — 3-4.      Same, 
opposite. 

4.  Bend  arms  upw.  and  touchstep  backw.  left — 1 ;  bend  trunk  backw.  and 

stretch     arms  upw. — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  with  touchstep  right. 

•">      Arms  upw.  and  touchstep  backw.  left — 1;  wand  behind  shoulders  and 

bend  trunk  forw. — 2  ;   return — 3-4.     Same,  with  touchstep  right. 

6.  Arms   sidew.   and  touchstep   sidew.  left — 1 ;   raise  left  arm  upw.  and 

bend  trunk  sidew.  right — 2  (wand  must  be  in  line  with  the  body)  ; 
return — 3-4.     Same,  opposite. 

7.  Left  arm  forw.,  right  hand  over  left  shoulder  (knuckles  touch  shoul- 

der), and  touchstep  forw.  left — 1;  arms  upw.,  closestep  and  bend 
knees — 2;   return — 3-4.     Same,   right. 

8.  Arms  sidew.  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 1 ;  arms  upw.,  closestep  and 

bend  knees — 2 ;  arms  sidew.  and  touchstep  to  the  right — 3 ;  posi- 
tion— 4.     Same,  beginning  right. 
Wand  at  right  shoulder — Place! 

LESSON  VII.    D. 

1.  Bend  arms  to  thrust — 1;   thrust  forw.  with   touchstep  forw.  left — 2; 

return — 3-4.     Same,  with  touchstep  right. 

2.  Same,  but  thrust  upw.  with  touchstep  backw. 

3.  Bend  arms  and  thrust — 1 ;  bend  trunk  backw.  and  thrust  upw. — 2 :  re- 

turn— 3-4. 

4.  Same,  but  bend  forw.  and  thrust  downw. 
Half  left— Face! 

5.  Bend  arms  to  thrust — 1 ;  thrust  sidew.  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 2 ; 

return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 
Front — face! 
ft.     Bend  arms  to  thrust — 1 ;  bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  thrust  sidew. — 

2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

7.  Bend  arms  to  thrust — 1 ;  thrust  upw.  with  bendkneestep  backw.  left — 

2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

8.  Bend  arms  to  thrust — 1 ;   odd  numbers  thrust  forw.   with  bendknee- 

step   forw.,    the    even    numbers    thrust    sidew.    with    bendkneestep 
sidew. — 2;   return — 3-4.     Same,   right. 

9.  Same  as  8,  but  odd  numbers  sidew..  even  numbers  forw.     Same,  right. 


—  67  — 

LESSON  VIII.     D. 

1.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1 ;  stretch  upw.  and  raise  heels — 2 ;  return— 3-4. 
Half  left  or  right— Face! 

2.  Bend  arms  upw. — 1;  stretch  sidew.  and  bend  knees — 2;  return — 3-4. 

3.  Bend  arms  upw.  and  raise  heels — 1;  stretch  sidew.  and  bend  knees — 

:.' :   return — 3-4. 
Front — face ! 
Hands  on  hips — Place! 

4.  Bend  trunk  backw.  and  stretch  arms  upw. — 1 ;  bend  forw.  and  place 

hands  on  hips — 2;   return — 3-4. 

5.  Bend    trunk    forw.    and    stretch   arms    downw. — 1 ;    bend   backw.    and 

place  hands  on   hips — 2;   return — 3-4. 

6.  Bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  raise  right  arm  to  semi-circle  overhead — 1; 

bend  right  and  raise  left  arm   (right  arm  remaining  up) — 2;  re- 
turn— 3-4.     Same,  bending  opposite. 

7.  Ilend  arms  upw.  and  touchstep  forw.  left — 1;  stretch  upw.  and  raise 

the  leg  backw. — 2;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

8.  Bend  arms  upw.  and  cross-touchstep  left — 1 ;   stretch  diag.  and  raise 

the  leg  sidew. — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

9.  Bend  arms  upw.  and  touchstep  backw.  left;   stretch  forw.  and  raise 

k'.ir   forw. — 2;   return — 3-4.     Same,   right. 

LESSON  IX.     D. 

1.  Bend    anus    to   thrust — 1;   thrust   upw.   and   lunge   forw.    left— 2;    re- 

turn— 3-4.     Same,  right. 

2.  Same,  but  thrust  diag.  and  lunge  sidew. 
:;.     Saim-.  but   thrust   forw.  and  lunge  backw. 

4.  liaiul-  «m   hips  and  touchstep  backw. — 1;  bend  trunk  backw. — 2;   re- 

turn— :;-4.     Same,   with   touchstep   right. 

5.  Same,  but  step  and  bend  forw. 

6.  Same,  but  step  and  bend  sidew. 

7.  Bend  arms   to  thrust    and   touchstep   forw.   left — 1;   thrust   upw.   and 

lunge  forw. — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

8.  Same,  sidew.,  but  thrust  diag. 

9.  Same,  backw.,  but  thrust  upw. 

LESSON  X.    D. 

1.  Hands  on   shoulders  and  cross-touchstep  left — 1 ;   stretch   arms   upw. 

and  lunge  forw. — 2;   return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

2.  Same,  but  stretch  arms  diag.  and  lunge  sidew. 

3.  Hands  on  shoulders  and  touchstep   forw.   left — 1 ;   bend  trunk  forw. 

and  stretch  arms  downw. — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  with  touchstep 
right. 

4.  Same,  but  step  and  bend  trunk  backw.,  stretching  arms  upw. 

5.  Hands  on  shoulders  and  cross-touchstep  left — 1 ;  stretch  arms  forw. 

and  lunge  backw. — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

6.  Hands  on  shoulders  and  touchstep  sidew.  left — 1;  bend  trunk  sidew. 

left  and  stretch  arms  sidew. — 2 ;  return — 3-4.    Same,  right. 
Hands  on  shoulders — Place! 

7.  Stretch    arms    upw.    and    lunge    forw.    left — 1 ;    change    knee-bending 

and  lower  arms  forw. — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

8.  Same,  but  lunge  sidew.  and  lower  arms  sidew.  left.     Same,  right. 


—  6S  — 

LESSON  XI.    WANDS. 

Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Arms  forw. — 1 ;  left  arm  up,  right  at  left  shoulder,  and  raise  left  leg 

backw. — 2 ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

2.  Arms  forw. — 1 ;  left  arm  obliquely  sidew.  upw.,  right  hand  at  chest, 

and  raise  right  leg  sidew. — 2 ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  opposite. 

3.  Arms  crossed  left  over  right — 1 ;  arms  forw.  and  raise  left  leg  forw. — 

2 ;   return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

4.  Arms  sidew.  left  and  raise  left  leg  sidew. — 1 ;  closestep,  bend  trunk 

backw.,  arms  upw — 2;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

5.  Arms  upw.  and  raise  left  foot  backw. — 1 ;  closestep,  bend  trunk  forw., 

wand  behind  shoulders — 2;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

6.  Arms  crossed  left  over  right,  and  cross-touchstep  left — 1 ;   closestep, 

bend  trunk  sidew.  left  and  cross  right  arm  over  left — 2;  return — 
3-4.     Same,  right. 

7.  Arms  sidew.  left  and  raise  left  leg  sidew. — 1 ;  arms  upw.  and  raise 

left  foot  inw. — 2 ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 

8.  Arms  forw.  and  raise  left  leg  backw. — 1;  arms   upw..   and   raise  left 

knee — 2;  return — 3-4.     Same,  right. 
Wand  at  right  shoulder — Place! 

LESSON  XII.     WANDS. 

Wand  low  in  front— Place! 

1.  Arms   upw.   and   cross-touchstep   left — 1 ;    right   arm   obliquely   sidew. 

downw.,  left  hand  over  shoulder    (wand  behind   right   shoulder) 
and  lunge  sidew.  left — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  opposite. 

2.  Same,  but  lunge  forw.  and  extend  the  straight  arm  backw.  on  2. 

3.  Arms  forw.,  left  upw.,  right  downw.,  and  lunge  backw.  left — 1 ;  bend 

trunk  backw.,   arms   upw. — 2  ;    return — 3-4.      Same,   lunging   right, 
right  hand  up  on  1. 

4.  Arms  upw.  and  lunge  forw.  left — 1 ;  bend  trunk  forw.,  wand  behind 

shoulders — 2  ;  return — 3-4.     Same,  lunging  right. 

5.  Right  arm  sidew.,  left  upw.,  and  lunge  sidew.  left — 1 ;  turn  trunk  to 

the  left,  arms  forw.,  left  down,  right  up — 2 ;  return — 3-4.     Same, 
opposite. 

6.  Arms    upw.    and    cross-touchstep    left — 1 ;    left    arm    obliquely    sidew. 

upw.,  right  hand  at  chest,  and  lunge  sidew.  left — 2 ;   return — .°,-4. 
Same,  opposite. 

7.  Arms    upw.    and   cross-touchstep   left — 1 ;    right   arm   obliquely    forw. 

upw.,    left   hand   at   chest,    and    lunge    forw.    left — 2 ;    return — 3-4. 
Same,  opposite. 

8.  Exercise  6  and  7  in  alternate  rows. 
Wand  at  right  shoulder — Place! 

LESSON  XIII.     WANDS. 

Wand  low  in  front — Place! 

1.  Arms  sidew.  left  and  bendkneestep  sidew.  left — 1 ;  arms  upw.,  close- 

step  and  raise  heels — 2 ;  arms  sidew.  right  and  bendkneestep  right 
3;  position — 4.     Same,  beginning  right. 

2.  Left  arm  forw.,  right  hand  on  left  hip,  and  bendkneestep  forw.  left — 1 ; 

arms  upw.,  closestep  and  raise  heels — 2 ;  right  arm  forw.  and  bend- 
kneestep right — 3  ;  position — 4.     Same,  beginning  right. 


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^   PAT.  JW.  ?V  1908 


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